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Bates College 



INAUGURATION 



OF 



PRESIDENT CLIFTON DAGGETT GRAY 





BATES COLLEGE BULLETIN 

Eighteenth Series, Number 1, December 1, 1920, Lewiston, Maine 

Entered at the Post Office at Lewiston, Maine, as second-class mail 

matter, under the provisions of the Act of July 




PRESIDENT CLIFTON DAGGETT GRAY 



THE INAUGURATION 



OF 



CLIFTON DAGGETT GRAY 



as President of Bates College 



and 



The Commencement Exercises 



OF THE CLASS OF 1920 



June 23, 1920 




LEWISTON, MAINE 



LEWISTON. MAINE 

JOURNAL PHINTSHOP AND BINDERY 

1»20 



Ul 



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»y 



Inauguration of President Gray 

At a joint meeting of the Boards of Fellows and Over- 
seers, held in Lewiston, Maine, on November 29, 1919, Rev. 
Clifton Daggett Gray, Ph.D., of Chicago, was elected third 
president of Bates College. Dr. Gray accepted the honor 
and entered upon his official duties the first of May, 1920. 

A committee, consisting of Lyman G. Jordan, Elizabeth 
M. Wilson, Henry W. Oakes, Fred E. Pomeroy, Harry W. 
Rowe, and Elizabeth D. Chase, was appointed to arrange 
for the inauguration of the president on the twenty-third 
of June. Associated with this general committee were three 
other committees. A committee, consisting of Lyman G. 
Jordan, Carl E. Milliken, and Arthur S. Littlefield, sent 
invitations to the Governor of the State of Maine, to the 
Governor of the State of Massachusetts, to the justices of 
the supreme judicial court of Maine, to the educational insti- 
tutions in New England, to a number of representative cit- 
izens, and to other guests. A committee, consisting of 
Halbert H. Britan, Clara L. Buswell, James E. Coburn, and 
Minnie B. Hartshorn, provided entertainment for the guests 
and made arrangements for the complimentary dinner to 
the guests on the evening of June 23. A committee, con- 
sisting of Arthur N. Leonard, Alfred W. Anthony, Mary 
B. Robertson, Scott Wilson, and William F. Garcelon, had 
charge of the academic procession to the chapel, of the pro- 
cession from the chapel to the commencement dinner, and 
of the minor details in connection with the inauguration 
of Dr. Gray and the graduation exercises of the class of 
1920. 

The first formal function, directly connected with the 
inauguration of Dr. Gray, was the complimentary dinner 
tendered to the delegates and guests in Chase Hall on Tues- 
day evening, June 22. Assembling at 5.30 the guests, trus- 
tees, and faculty exchanged greetings and joined in an 



Inauguration 



informal discussion of topics of mutual interest. One hun- 
dred guests were seated at the tables and partook of the 
excellent dinner provided for their enjoyment. 

After the dinner Professor Hartshorn, officiating as 
toastmaster, called upon the guests of the college for words 
of greeting, felicitations, advice, wit, inspiration, or elo- 
quence as the spirit moved them to speak and gave them 
utterance. With the list of speakers present no one of 
these forms of discourse was wanting. Only rarely has it 
been the privilege of those present to listen to after-dinner 
speeches so filled with profound thought, so lightened with 
genial wit, and so inspired with moral earnestness. After 
hearing the messages from the various institutions repre- 
sented, one was impressed with the fact that the policies 
and destiny of our sister institutions of learning are under 
the guidance of men who see far ahead, who think deeply, 
and feel profoundly the import of the problems of educa- 
tion which they are now facing and which they are helping 
to solve. Among the speakers were Dean Ropes of Har- 
vard, President Horr of Newton Theological Institution, 
Dean Randall of Brown, Chancellor Jones of the University 
of New Brunswick, Professor Lord of Dartmouth, Professor 
Ham of Bowdoin, Dean Hart of the University of Maine, 
Professor Vose of Wellesley, Dean Porter of Clark, and 
Professors Crowell and Walter of Brown University. 

The formal exercises were concluded by Dr. Gray, who, 
in well chosen and well spoken words, responded to the 
greetings and felicitations of his guests. 

Wednesday, inauguration day, was an ideal one for the 
momentous occasion. At 9.30 the academic procession 
formed on Campus Avenue, in and in front of Chase Hall, 
and shortly before 10 o'clock, headed by the Lewiston Bri- 
gade Band, proceeded to the chapel. The procession entered 
chapel in the following order : the class of 1920, occupying 
seats in the front center of the auditorium ; candidates for 
advanced degrees, members of the faculty, the boards of 
fellows and overseers, specially invited guests, delegates 
from educational institutions, justices of the supreme judi- 
cial court, candidates for honorary degrees, Rev. Ashmun 



Bates College 



T. Salley, Governor Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts, Gov- 
ernor Carl E. Milliken of Maine, President Clifton D. Gray, 
and the chief marshal, Elwin K. Jordan. The boards of 
fellows and overseers were seated on the platform; in the 
front row on the platform were seated President Gray, the 
two governors, Dr. Salley, the chief marshal, and six can- 
didates for honorary degrees. The other members of the 
procession occupied seats in front of the class of 1920. 

At the conclusion of the exercises the procession left 
the chapel in reverse order, and the dinner procession 
was formed at Chase Hall on Campus Avenue, and 
on College Street. At one o'clock the procession of nearly 
800 graduates and friends of Bates entered the dining-tent, 
erected in the rear of Hedge Laboratory. 

President Gray presided at the after-dinner exercises 
which were of a high order. Addresses were given by Chief 
Justice Leslie C. Cornish, Mrs. Ella M. Chase, 1900, Dr. 
Alfred W. Anthony, Hon. William F. Garcelon, 1890, His 
Excellency, Governor Carl E. Milliken, 1897, and His Ex- 
cellency, Governor Calvin Coolidge. The exercises were con- 
cluded with the singing of the doxology. 

At 9 o'clock on the evening of Wednesday, June 23, the 
Greek Play, presented annually by the senior class, was 
given on the steps of Coram Library. The play, The Al- 
cestis of Euripides, was given in a thoroughly meritorious 
manner, reflecting great credit on Professor Grosvenor M. 
Robinson and the individual members of the cast. The play 
had been postponed from Tuesday evening owing to very 
inclement weather. 

The inauguration and commencement exercises were 
concluded with a reception at 10 o'clock in Chase Hall by 
President and Mrs. Gray to the graduates and friends of 
Bates College. 



Delegates and Guests Attending 
Inauguration 

Representing The State of Maine 

His Excellency Carl Elias Milliken, LL.D., Governor, with 

his Staff 
Members of the Governor's Council 

Justices of Supreme Judicial Court 

Hon. Leslie Colby Cornish, LL.D., Chief Justice 

Hon. Warren Coffin Philbrook, LL.D. 

Hon. Albert Moore Spear, LL.D. 

Hon. John Adams Morrill, LL.D. 

Hon. Scott Wilson, LL.D. 

Hon. Luere B. Deasy, LL.D. 

Hon. Augustus Orloff Thomas, Ph.D., Superintendent of 
Public Schools 

Representing New England Educational Institutions 

Dean James Hardy Ropes, D.D., Harvard 
Professor Asa Clinton Crowell, Ph.D., Brown 
Dean Otis Everett Randall, Ph.D., Brown 
Professor Herbert Eugene Walter, Ph.D., Brown 
Professor George Dana Lord, A.M., Dartmouth 
Professor Roscoe James Ham, A.M., Bowdoin 
President Arthur Jeremiah Roberts, A.M., Colby 
President George Edwin Horr, D.D., LL.D., Newton Theo- 
logical Institution 
Charles P. Wetherbee, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- 
nology 



Bates College 



Dean James Norris Hart, Sc.D., University of Maine 
Caroline Eliza Vose, A.M., Wellesley 

President Howard Edwards, LL.D., Rhode Island State 
Dean James Prentice Porter, Ph.D., Sc.D., Clark 



Otuer Guests 

Hon. Frederick Hale, United States Senate 

Hon. Calvin Coolidge, LL.D., Governor of Massachusetts 

Hon. Walter E. Ranger, LL.D., Commissioner of Public 
Schools of Rhode Island 

Chancellor Cecil Charles Jones, LL.D., University of New- 
Brunswick 

John George Gehring, M.D., Sc.D., Western Reserve Uni- 
versity 

Director Arthur Arton Hamerschlag, Sc.D., LL.D., Carnegie 
Institute of Technology 

Thomas Lemuel Angell, A.M., Professor of Modern Lan- 
guages, Bates College, 1869-1902 

Franklin Mellen Drew, A.M., Treasurer of Bates College, 
1894-1917 

Harry John Carlson, Architect of Chapel and Chase Hall 



Inauguration 



ORDER OF EXERCISES 

Organ : 

Scherzo Lemaigre 

Midsummer Caprice Johnston 

Fountain Reverie Fletcher 

Adagio-Sonata in E minor Rogers 

Processional: March from "Aida" Verdi 

Invocation 

Reverend Ashmun Thompson Salley, D.D., '75 

Hymn 

God, our help in ages past, 

Our hope for years to come, 
Our shelter from the stormy blast, 

And our eternal home ! 

Under the shadow of Thy throne 

Thy saints have dwelt secure ; 
Sufficient is Thine arm alone, 

And our defense is sure. 

A thousand ages in Thy sight 

Are like an evening gone; 
Short as the watch that ends the night 

Before the rising sun. 

O God, our help in ages past. 

Our hope for years to come. 
Be Thou our guard while life shall last, 

And our eternal home. 

Address and Delivery of Charter and Keys, 

Albert Moore Spear, LL.D., '75 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Maine 

The Acceptance, The President of the College 



Bates College 9 

Addresses of Congratulation: 
On Behalf of the Faculty, 

Professor William Henry Hartshorn, Litt.D., '86 
Professor of English Literature 

On Behalf of the Undergraduates, 

Olin Berry Tracy 
President of the Senior Class 

On Behalf of the Alumnae, 

Grace Patten Conant, Litt.D., '93 
Professor of English, James Millikin University, 
Decatur, Illinois 

On Behalf of the Alumni, 

Oren Cheney Boothby, LL.B., '96 

Inaugural Address, 

President Clifton Daggett Gray, Ph.D. 

Hymn 

Integer vitae scelerisque purus 
Non eget Mauris iaculis neque arcu 
Nee venenatis gravida sagittis, 
Fusee, pharetra, 

Sive per Syrtis iter aestuosas 
Sive facturus per inhospitalem 
Caucasum vel quae loca fabulosus 
Lambit Hydaspes. 

FIFTY-FOURTH COMMENCEMENT 

Address to the Class of Nineteen Twenty 

President Gray 
Conferring of Degrees 
Conferring of Advanced Degrees 
Conferring of Honorary Degrees 
Announcement of Honors 
Benediction 

Reverend Ashmun Thompson Salley, D.D., '75 
Recessional 



10 Inauguration 

Invocation by 
Reverend ASHMUN THOMPSON SALLEY, D.D., 75: 

Our God and our Father, we bow before Thee and ask 
Thee to accept our adoration. We are put under profound 
obligation to Thee this day, God, by the beauty of the 
morning and the glory of Nature, and by the peculiar cir- 
cumstances that call us together. 

We thank Thee that we are assured that we live and 
move and have our being in Thee, that Thou art not far 
from every one of us, guiding us, directing our footsteps 
and planning our lives for us, that Thou also not only art 
related to the individuals as Father, but art related to so- 
ciety and the world in a very peculiar way, working upon 
the hearts of men by Thy spirit and Thy truth expressing 
themselves in the aspirations of men and in those strivings 
for better things in the upward movements in Nature and 
among the nations of the earth. We rejoice in it all, our 
Father, and our minds are carried back this morning to 
the early days when our fathers and our mothers toiled and 
sacrificed, and with prophetic vision, laying the broad foun- 
dations upon which they built the institutions of society 
and that government which to-day are our joy and the safe- 
guards of our lives. We remember them with gratitude, 
our Father, we honor them in our memory. We thank Thee 
that among these institutions in our land is the college in 
honor of which we meet to-day, and that, planted as it was 
by men and women who gave their very lives for its up- 
building, planted as it was by faith in God and love for 
men, it has grown with the years and enlarged its numbers 
and its facilities for usefulness, and that there have gone 
from its halls great numbers of young men and women, in- 
spired to nobler ideals and a high purpose to do the world's 
work. 

We rejoice, our Father, that that one period has closed 
and closed so gloriously, and that the memory of him who 
stood at the head of this institution is with us this morning, 
and we reverently recall his name in our minds. We are 



Bates College 11 

glad that that one period has closed in glory, and that we 
begin on another under most auspicious circumstances, and 
we pray that now that we start out it would seem almost as 
if anew, may the blessing of God in a very peculiar way rest 
upon this institution, upon the leaders of the institution and 
upon him who, in the providence of God, has been called 
upon to lead. We pray that his leadership may be not 
merely a leadership of men, but a leadership under the influ- 
ence of Thy divine spirit. And we would pray for those 
who are the teachers and officers and the guides of this 
institution, and we pray especially for those who are to go 
out from these halls, and who perhaps will come back only 
now and then, but are to mingle in the great world, assum- 
ing their tasks in life, to take their places in the world and 
to do their work; we pray for them. Our Father. May 
these young men and young women feel called to God, and 
may all their nobler physical and intellectual powers be so 
developed that they shall be among those who shall lift up 
the standards of life in the nations and among the nations 
of the earth. 

We ask it all in the name of Jesus Christ, Our Lord. 
Amen. 



Address and Delivery of Charter and Keys, 

By ALBERT MOORE SPEAR, LL.D., '75, 

Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Maine : 

Mr. President: 

Fifty-six years ago, by act of the legislature, a charter 
was granted for the incorporation of Bates College. Like 
many other achievements, the college had its origin in mis- 
fortune, in the burning of the Parsonsfield Seminary, the 
leading Free Baptist educational institution in the State. 

At that time Rev. Oren B. Cheney was pastor of the 
Free Baptist Church at Augusta. Recognizing the long- 
standing need of his denomination for larger educational 
facilities he conceived the design and consummated the plan 
for establishing the Maine State Seminary at Lewiston to 



12 Inauguration 

supply the loss of the Parsonsfield school. Of this new insti- 
tution he was elected principal. 

Dr. Cheney was a man of broad vision, sound judgment 
and great energy. In his temperament he combined brains 
with business ability in an unusual degree for a man trained 
for educational and literary life. He was neither a theorist 
nor a dreamer. Under his management the seminary at 
once met with great success. In this school Dr. Cheney con- 
ceived the beginning of a larger institution and with char- 
acteristic foresight and energy he made it the foundation 
of Bates College. 

Non-sectarian, it was the policy of the college to 
indulge the broadest toleration of religious liberty. Profes- 
sors of different denominations were always represented on 
the faculty. Moral not religious compliance was the stand- 
ard of the student's duty. 

Neither denominational nor religious discrimination was 
ever allowed to affect the standing of a worthy student. 
The charter holds no limitation of creed and the college has 
always stood upon the broad basis of true merit and moral 
worth. 

With the conception of enlarging the seminary into a 
college Dr. Cheney also cherished the desire of enlarging 
the college to a broader work, and confidently introduced a 
policy much in advance of his times. 

He believed that the country girl as well as the country 
boy should have the advantages of a college education. 
Bates accordingly opened its doors at the beginning to co- 
education, the first college in New England to take that ad- 
vanced step. The success of this innovation has fully vin- 
dicated the wisdom of his foresight. In round numbers 900 
girls have already graduated with honors even with those 
of the boys. 

The general policy of the college under Dr. Cheney was 
broad and comprehensive. It made no attempt to proselyte. 
Its early faculty as well as its President were men of broad 
views and liberal ideas. They demanded honest effort. 
They tolerated nothing less. They quickly eliminated the 
shirk. They recognized the boy of ability and not the plug 



Bates College 13 

for rank. They sought to discover the student's adapta- 
bility and direct his mind in its natural channel. They stim- 
ulated a desire for general information rather than mere 
efficiency in text books. 

To this end they established prizes for many kinds of 
collateral work and especially for proficiency in the art of 
debating. Proficiency in this art perhaps more than any 
other college achievement demonstrates the breadth of col- 
lege training. In debate, the success of Bates has been phe- 
nomenal. 

One of the crowning features, however, of Bates' 
achievements is found in the just and equable spirit with 
which she has regarded the humblest boy on an equality with 
the proudest and has never turned from her doors a worthy 
boy or girl because of poverty or want. Though poor her- 
self she has always found a way that led to help. 

Thus the policy of the college became well established 
under the long and useful administration of President 
Cheney. For 30 years he gave the best efforts of his life for 
the establishment and success of the college. He then 
wished to be relieved from the burden which he felt a 
younger man should bear. 

In September, 1894, George Colby Chase of Bates, class 
of 1868, was inaugurated as President of Bates to succeed 
President Cheney. 

The college had attained every anticipated success up 
to this time, but its real growth and expansion were yet 
to come. Dr. Chase proved to be a remarkable adminis- 
trator. Like Dr. Cheney he combined great executive with 
great intellectual ability. While the college was well estab- 
lished when he took it, it was nevertheless but a beginning. 

Through his untiring efforts in the 25 years of his ad- 
ministration, the growth of the college was almost phe- 
nomenal. In 1894, the college had 585 graduates, 167 stu- 
dents and 9 officers and instructors. In 1920, it has nearly 
3000 graduates, over 500 students and 39 officers and in- 
structors. In 1894, the college library contained 11,637 
volumes, in 1920 about 50,000 volumes. In 1894, there were 
only five buildings devoted to college purposes; now there 



14 Inauguration 

are 17. In 1894 the current income was $27,000 ; in 1919, 
it was over $124,000. In 1894 the graduating class num- 
bered 22 ; in 1919 it numbered 100. 

The campus with its trees and buildings; the athletic 
field; scientific outfit; dormitories; heating plant; and the 
many other appurtenances, nearly all of which have been 
additions in the last 25 years, must speak for themselves, as 
time forbids a further enumeration. 

In fine, the general policy of the college was followed by 
President Chase, although of course many modifications 
necessarily intervened. Athletics, however, should be men- 
tioned. President Chase while heartily approving of all 
college sports entertained positive views with respect to the 
relative standing of scholarship and athletics. Athletics, 
instead of being incidental as they formerly were, have now 
become an essential part of college life. But the misfortune 
is that scholarship and athletics often seem to be in compe- 
tition for supremacy. In many colleges the athlete is the 
hero. It has, however, been the policy of Bates that her 
athletics should ever remain subsidiary to her mental and 
moral culture, — a tributary, not an end. No student has 
ever knowingly been admitted for his athletic ability unless 
he was also able to pass the requisite literary test ; nor has 
he been permitted to continue in athletics at the expense of 
his studies. He has been required to elect between success 
in recitation and success in the field. And no occasion has 
yet arisen in the exigency of athletics sufficient to secure a 
relaxation of the rules. 

Yet Bates has attained a respectable standing among the 
colleges of the State. What is better, I believe she has 
gained the respect of her associates for playing the game 
fairly and in a sportsmanlike way. 

In the great war the patriotism of Bates was magnificent 
as was that of every other college in the State. There was 
no rivalry among the colleges in that regard. Emulation 
was buried in the spontaneity of the response to the call of 
duty. 

And once again it has been demonstrated that education 
fixes responsibility, that refinement gives birth to courage 



Bates College 15 

and that in college discipline must rest the future hope and 
safety of the Republic. 

I have referred to some of the accomplishments of Dr. 
Chase, the President. Limited as my time is I feel impelled 
to refer to Dr. Chase, the man. He was a Christian gentle- 
man; a striking personality; an eminent scholar; a master 
of English expression ; persuasive in speech ; of impressive 
sincerity; a great executive; a wise administrator; demo- 
cratic yet dignified. Suffice it to say he impressed all with 
whom he met with that dignity of bearing and nobility of 
character which were the true characteristics of his life. 

But, Dr. Gray, notwithstanding the distinguished ca- 
reer of the two men who for more than 50 years shaped the 
course and controlled the destiny of this college, we turn 
in full confidence to you with implicit faith that your ad- 
ministration of the college will suffer no adverse criticism 
in comparison with that of your eminent predecessors, but 
on the contrary will imbue the institution with a spirit of 
increased zeal and renewed efficiency. 

I have referred to the ideals and policy of the college 
not that they are infallible or even the best, or that our pol- 
icy will be your policy. In no respect do the trustees wish 
to impinge or hamper the fullest exercise of your manage- 
ment and control or interfere with the functions of your 
office. 

On the contrary, I do not hesitate to assume the respon- 
sibility of saying that you will receive the active assistance 
of the board of trustees and its committees who will give 
you an intelligent and cordial support and co-operate with 
you in the discharge of your duties with enthusiasm and 
zeal. 

But the Board of Trustees are not your immediate co- 
adjutors. Upon the professors and instructors you must 
rely for daily inspiration and support. And again I do not 
hesitate to asseverate with assurance that you will receive 
the hearty co-operation and generous assistance of every 
member of your faculty. In behalf of the trustees I ought 
to say further, that we believe with confidence that you will 
find yourself surrounded by a class of m,en whose individ- 



16 Inauguration 

uality and personality will at once convince you of their 
eminent fitness as well as of their devotion and good will. 

No man can live unto himself alone. No college can live 
unto itself alone. Therefore in inviting you to become the 
President of Bates College, we are giving you a welcome to 
a community within the precincts of which Bates is for- 
tunate to be located and of which she is proud to become a 
part. Most intimate and cordial have been the relations 
between the college and the twin cities of Lewiston and Au- 
burn. The dominating atmosphere between the college 
and the towns has always been one of mutual benefit and 
social regard. 

We also welcome you to a State of unique facilities. It 
was the first land settled on the New England coast. It is 
unsurpassed in scenic beauty. Its population is small in pro- 
portion to its area. Its people are largely native. It con- 
tains no populous city. It more fully preserves the tradi- 
tions and spirit of Puritan life than any other common- 
wealth. Its people are industrious and law-abiding. In 
peace it is liberty loving. In war it has always been among 
the first to respond. Its rugged soil has produced rugged 
men. Its influence has been greater in proportion to its 
numbers than that of any state in the Union. The wresting 
of a livelihood from its hills and valleys has bred contempt 
for idleness and ease. 

It is this state and these fields of toil from which will 
largely come to you the boys and girls, crude and unpolished 
as the figure that lies hidden in the block of granite, ready 
to be shaped by the sculptor's chisel, and as easily suscep- 
tible of being transformed by the skill of your guiding hand 
into models of refinement and usefulness. 

We also welcome you to a state in which your associate 
colleges will extend to you a cordial and friendly greeting. 
Old Bowdoin, as we call her in terms of endearment, is the 
dean of our collegiate institutions. Her standing forbids 
any encomium from me. The scholars, the poets, literary 
and scientific men, the statesmen and jurists whose names 
are written in the literature and history of the world will 
ever stand as a living tribute to her world-wide fame. 




THE CHAPEL 



Bates College 17 

At the head of this college you will meet with an asso- 
ciate in whose character and attainments is represented all 
that is highest and best in the history and traditions of this 
old institution. President Sills is a true friend of your 
college. 

Colby College comes second in the count of years. Next 
week will be celebrated the 100th anniversary of the found- 
ing of the college. The accomplishments of this splendid 
old institution are second to Bowdoin only in degree. Her 
name, too, has become famous through the world-wide 
achievements of her scholars, statesmen and jurists whose 
attainments are indelibly written in the chronicle of the 
state and nation. We are honored today by two of her 
most distinguished sons in the presence of Mr. Chief Justice 
Cornish and Mr. Associate Justice Philbrook of the Su- 
preme Judicial Court of Maine. 

At the head of this time-honored institution is President 
Roberts, a graduate of Colby, under whose wise and effi- 
cient administration, liberal views and commanding per- 
sonality the college has attained the most successful period 
of its history. You will find in him an accomplished gen- 
tleman, an agreeable associate and a true friend of your 
college. 

Last, but not least, there exists in the eastern part of 
our State that younger and progressive institution known 
as the University of Maine. This is a State institution and 
covers a wider scope in its field of instruction than any of 
the other colleges. 

It has done and is doing a splendid work in furnishing 
our boys and girls an opportunity for practical and technical 
education along the lines of engineering and agricultural 
pursuits. 

At the head of this institution in which the whole state 
feels it has just cause for pride is President Aley, whose 
administration has been most successful and whose ability, 
activity and aggressive stand upon all questions affecting 
the moral, national and educational interests of the State 
have made him a force in stimulating regard for the public 
welfare. 



18 Inauguration 

Urbane and sincere, he will be found in most friendly 
relations with your college. 

Thus, Dr. Gray, I have briefly introduced you to the 
environment into which, by accepting our call, you have 
chosen to come. 

It now becomes my pleasant privilege in behalf and by 
authority of the trustees to present you with the charter 
and keys of the college. It will often be your duty to inter- 
pret the law and rules by which the affairs of the college are 
supposed to be governed. The theory of the law and the 
application of the law are not always compatible. There- 
fore, in suggesting a guide for the application of the rules 
and regulations of the college to particular cases, I am un- 
able to recall a sounder maxim than that wisest of sayings 
inscribed in the holy scripture: "The letter of the law 
killeth, but the spirit of the law giveth life." 

The key is the symbol of your office. It invests you in 
authority and control as the head of the college. May your 
dominion be wide and salutary, and may you ever bear in 
mind that you may command in the stress of your endeavors, 
which is sure to come, not only a board of earnest trustees 
and a faculty of able men but also a graduate body of 3000 
men and women whose loyalty to the college, and whose 
allegiance to your administration, when weighed in the bal- 
ance, will never be found wanting. 

I assure you, Mr. President, that it is with emotions of 
supreme satisfaction that in behalf of the trustees and fac- 
ulty I now have the honor of consigning to your care and 
your custody the life and hope of the college in the years 
yet to come. 

In accepting the delivery of the Charter and Keys the 
President said: 

"In receiving these symbols of authority and respon- 
sibility from your hands as the representative of the Board 
of Fellows and the Board of Overseers of Bates College, I 
do hereby and hereon undertake a most solemn obligation 
to fulfil this great trust, to the best of my ability, with the 
help of God." 



Addresses of Congratulation 

On Behalf of the Faculty, 

By Prof. WILLIAM HENRY HARTSHORN, Litt.D., '86, 

Professor of English Literature: 

Mr. President: 

There are times in the history of men, of institutions and 
of nations when circumstances combine to make a given day 
or moment seemingly of more importance than multitudes 
of ordinary days or moments, when the current of life 
seems to hesitate, as if uncertain in which direction to flow, 
which channel to take. Such a time has now come in the 
history of Bates College. To-day you are formally inaugu- 
rated as its President. It is a day fraught with the deepest 
interest and most momentous results both to you yourself 
and to the college. To the college it means the coming of 
new life, of broad views, of ripe experience in varied fields. 
It means new vitality, fresh vigor and increased strength. 
It means the beginning of the third chapter of its history, 
a chapter on which I believe the future historian will love 
to linger, a chapter rich with material success, with intel- 
lectual achievement and with moral progress. To you it 
means a renewed call to service, scope for the fullest exer- 
cise of all your powers, an opportunity to realize your ideals 
and to impress those ideals, through your own efforts and 
through the efforts of those whom you may be able to influ- 
ence, upon the world, which needs them. It also means 
unremitting labor, heavy burdens, serious and at times, 
perhaps, seemingly overwhelming responsibility. But with 
these come satisfaction and joys that may bring a large 
measure of recompense. 

At such a time as this, it is your privilege and your right 
to demand and receive the most hearty support, the most 
cordial co-operation, on the part of all those who are in any 
way connected with the institution or interested in its 
welfare. 



20 Inauguration 

A college consists, you may say, of a president and trus- 
tees, the faculty, the graduates, the alumni and its friends. 
No one of these can fail in duty without disastrous conse- 
quences. Of all these classes the faculty are not the least 
interested in its prosperity and success. They are a vital 
part of its organism, and, as the years come and go, they 
become a part of it ; it becomes a part of them. Their lives 
are so entwined with it that the two are practically identical. 

The faculty of Bates College, more perhaps than in most 
institutions in these days, is a permanent body. Most of 
the men who come to it come, not with the idea of making 
it simply a stepping stone to a higher position, but with the 
intention of giving their life to its service. Six of its mem- 
bers, all of them young men, all of them feeling that they 
are just establishing themselves in their profession and 
looking happily to the future, have given to the college a 
combined service of more than one hundred and sixty years. 
They represent at least half of the ideals, for whatever they 
may fail to know about high thinking they make up by rich 
experience in plain living. They have in their body no 
castes, no cliques, no divisions. They are all one great fam- 
ily, of which you at this time, by virtue of your position, 
have become the head, thus assuming this responsibility 
more quickly than is Nature's usual custom. 

This faculty to-day, through me, pledge to you its loy- 
alty, its faith and its honor through the years to come. 

Again, a college consists of the material and the imma- 
terial, the seen and the unseen, and the immaterial and the 
unseen are of more importance than the material and the 
seen. Bates College, although comparatively a young and 
small institution, has its spirit, its ideals and its traditions. 
Its past is secure. It is your inheritance. It is your duty 
to preserve to the best of your ability all that is best, all 
that is noblest in the past. To this you will add your own 
achievements to enrich and enlarge all that the college may 
stand for. 

The first President of this institution. Dr. Oren B. 
Cheney, chose for the text of his baccalaureate sermon at 
the beginning of three successive decades : "First the blade. 



Bates College 21 

then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear." He 
planted the seed and saw the blade. The second President, 
Dr. George Colby Chase, saw the ripening ear. May it be 
your good fortune to see, under your ministrations, the full 
corn in the ear. (Applause.) 

Address on Behalf of the Undergraduates, 

By OLIN BERRY TRACY, 

President of the Senior Class : 

President Gray: 

It is my joyous privilege to extend to you the hearty 
welcome of the undergraduate body of this college and to 
assure you of the genuine pleasure and pride they all feel in 
you as the chosen leader of our Alma Mater. 

I do not need to tell you, Sir, that this college was born 
in great days, and fathered by men of great heart and 
spirit, for you are fully aware of those facts. The aim of 
Bates has always been, and will be — I am confident — 
nothing less than to train and give to the nation and the 
world leaders of intelligence, heart and conscience. 

Hardly do I deem it necessary to say that Bates men and 
women love their college devotedly, and are unsurpassed in 
respect to loyalty. Indeed, how could it be otherwise. It 
is impossible to be associated for four years with Bates, 
and not fall in love with these beautiful grounds, these shady 
walks, these halls and buildings — and above all with the 
priceless associations of friendship connected with them. 
One cannot but reverence the history, the traditions, the 
ideals of Bates — all replete with elements of romance. 

So each and all thrill this morning with a just pride at 
the thought of the achievements of those men that have 
directed her development, and, in prayerfulness, watched 
her growth. 

We recognize the existence of a soul in this aggregation 
that is known to the world as Bates College. We feel and 
bow to the compelling power of her standards. Her pro- 
fessors have been patriotic, scholarly and Christian, and 



22 Inauguration 

have had our sincere admiration. They are earnest fol- 
lowers of the truth, and lovers of humanity. 
They have exemplified 

The love that seeks not self, and hath 
No censure for our frailty, but doth woo. 
By gentle arts, our spirits back into 
The way of truth; then sheds upon our lives 
A radiance that all things else survives. 

President Gray, we congratulate you and felicitate our- 
selves on your coming. We, the students, believe that in 
the selection of our new president the trustees have been 
divinely led. You seem to us to measure up to the exact- 
ing notions of college men and women, and worthy to follow 
in the footsteps of the saintly and scholarly, and beloved 
late President, Doctor Chase. 

We who are about to enter upon the active business of 
life and the students who will remain here longer, covenant 
together to bear you up in our prayers, to support you and 
the college with our sjrmpathy and substance, so long as the 
institution stands, as it does now, for scholarship plus 
Christian ethics. We wish for you, and dare to predict, a 
happy and prosperous career ; and like that of each of your 
illustrious predecessors in the office, may it be long ; and at 
the end, may it be said that President Gray strengthened 
the ideals that this college was founded to express ! Now, 
dear Sir, may heavenly wisdom be given you, as you inter- 
pret to the students at Bates what it really means to be an 
educated man. 

In behalf of the undergraduate body, I welcome you to 
the splendid fellowships and tasks of these academic scenes, 
I welcome you to Bates College, your college and ours. 
"May her glory shine while time endures." 

Address on Behalf of the Alumnae 

By GRACE PATTEN CONANT, Litt.D., '93, 

Professor of English, James Millikin University, Decatur, 

Illinois : 

Mr. President, Friends: 

When I was in college — not so many years ago, as it 
seems to me, — ^we heard in chapel talks in old Hathorn Hall 



Bates College 23 

and in Commencement addresses as we have heard to-day, 
the statement made with pride that Bates was the first 
college on the Atlantic sea-board to open its doors to women. 
I note that our present catalog announcement is phrased as 
follows : "From its organization in 1863," it reads, "the Col- 
lege has received young women on the same terms with 
young men, thus beginning on the Atlantic sea-board the 
movement for the higher education of women." To be so 
great a pioneer in an educational venture is a high distinc- 
tion, especially when we realize how contrary is such an 
innovation to the sentiment in the old world and to all prece- 
dent in the new, and when we further realize how almost 
universally now, outside the East, this educational plan is 
adopted in the newer and larger universities and colleges, 
even to the Pacific coast. 

Gratifying as the fact may be, it is not, however, its 
historic priority which interests the Alumnae. With a gov- 
ernment like ours such an educational system was inevi- 
table. But the fact which does greatly appeal to us is the 
type of co-education evolved during these fifty years which 
we are able, Mr. President, to offer you today. It is not 
perfect but it is wholesome and fine and it goes far in 
moulding the sane and safe type of men and women in whom 
you have shown your confidence and trust by accepting the 
responsibilties signalized by this occasion. 

You will discover, perhaps, two reasons why co-educa- 
tion approximates as closely here as it does the ideal. One 
is, I must believe, that while those doors aforesaid were 
early open to women, they were never so widely open that 
they could not easily close when the young woman who 
sought admission was not adequately prepared, or when 
she did not show willingness to conform to the ideals of 
the college, or when the number of women applying 
exceeded the proportionate number for Bates. This strict- 
ness in admission and standing has been a blessing to the 
women of Bates and has also been a protection to the men 
of Bates socially and morally and, probably, scholastically 
as well. The other fostering influence has come undoubt- 
edly from the innate, superb, and dominating courtesy of 



24 Inauguration 

the men who from the beginning have shaped the life here 
and helped to develop the poise which I like to think Bates 
women possess and the genuine respect for women which 
characterizes the men of Bates. What otherwise could be 
the influence of such men as our beloved Professor Stan- 
ton, our beloved and honored President Chase, Professor 
Kand, Professor Hayes, Professor Jordan, Professor Harts- 
horn, and the others whom we of the older graduates have 
not known so well. 

We, too, as Alumnse are standing, we believe, at the 
beginning of a new era. Our numbers are fewer than the 
men's. Our men are efficient and we have heartily co-oper- 
ated and accepted their leadership. We will continue to do 
the same, but the time has come for us to share more alertly 
the responsibilities which particularly concern women and 
to contribute more definitely and more thoughtfully to the 
life and needs of the college. We are better organized. 
Through the new Alumni Council, with its paid secretary, 
we can more efficiently co-ordinate our efforts. We already 
have two representatives, both able women, upon the Board 
of Trustees. The time will soon come when we, like the 
colleges exclusively for women, shall have women of high 
scholarship, equal opportunity, and equal salary upon our 
faculty. 

The measure of the past of any institution is its prom- 
ise for the future. The past is great because the future 
looms under your leadership so large with promise. The 
Alumnse of Bates College believe in you. President Gray. 
Take us as we are and as we may be and lead us into a 
larger usefulness in this college — in this college which we 
love and in which we rejoice that you are placing your life 
investment on this auspicious day. (Applause.) 

Address on Behalf of the Alumni, 
By OREN CHENEY BOOTHBY, LL.B., '96: 

Mr. President: 

The inspiration of this occasion reaches to every grad- 
uate within these walls and to all to whom the information 



Bates College 25 

of this event may go. The new application of educational 
principles to our disordered times has been fully dis- 
cussed by the experts who have by their presence honored 
this inauguration. I cannot attempt to state those prin- 
ciples with the skill which our guests possess, but to all 
the alumni, the significance of this particular time, this 
year 1920, comes with appealing force. "Why did Williams, 
a college placing emphasis on the humanities of education, 
as we believe we do, select this year in which to do special 
honor to its founder? Why are the principles of the May- 
flower compact, the Declaration of Independence and the 
Federal Constitution being emphasized and restated today? 
Are these inquiries simply because the calendar declares an 
appropriate time, the one hundredth anniversary of the 
State of Maine, the three hundredth anniversary of the 
landing of the Pilgrims? The earnest utterances of the 
men who have brought us wisdom from their chosen occu- 
pations, show that the new relationships of this day are 
commanding their anxious attention. 

Listen to Dean McCollister addressing the graduates of 
Tufts, to Thomas Nelson Page speaking before Phi Beta 
Kappa at Harvard, to Professor Winslow of Yale interpret- 
ing the mission and future of Technology and to our own 
chief executive of Massachusetts in his oration to the stu- 
dents of Wesleyan! These men declare with optimism 
and yet with warning, that supreme dependence must be 
placed upon education to work out with fear and trembling 
the salvation of our political and economic relations. 
Therefore, I declare to you again, Mr. President, that the 
alumni of Bates College know that you lead us into times 
of great significance. 

We recognize further the fact that you realize the tra- 
ditions of this college, that its origin, history, biography 
and educational associations are, to the utmost, precious to 
you; that you know the worth of the succession in which 
you stand. As the first president has been called the pio- 
neer, the second president the creator and organizer of 
the visible college, so your alumni declare that they see in 
you, Dr. Gray, third president, the exemplification and 
expounder of those ideals of education for which your pred- 



26 Inauguration 

ecessors toiled. "The old order changeth" but your grad- 
uates know that in the possession of the principles of those 
who have preceded you, you are qualified to make Bates 
College a vital factor in that accord of educational institu- 
tions which shall interpret representative government to 
an unhappy and bewildered world. 

The alumni cannot leave this occasion without a further 
reference to others of those men under whose instruction 
many of us sat, and whose memory is precious today. The 
names of Rich, Howe, Hayes, Rand, Stanley and Stanton 
come back to us again. These men are among the cloud 
of witnesses who survey the course you direct and rejoice 
with us. So we welcome you. Dr. Gray, to the cares and 
the achievements of the office committed to you by the 
matured judgment of the governing boards of the college. 

Can we speak as confidently of the alumni body, whose 
allegiance and support I pledge to you? I fear that the 
over-burdened second president. Dr. Chase, must testify 
that the work required of him seemed often to place the 
president in the class of "superman." In many a grave and 
difficult problem, it may be that he toiled to its solution 
with too few hands to help and too few voices to counsel. 
We must make a part of the oft-repeated confession, "We 
have left undone those things which we ought to have done." 
But you, Mr. President, have been charitable to suggest 
that these difficulties may arise in part from lessened 
organization and incomplete understanding. You have 
testified that the spirit of loyalty is present with the alumni 
of the college. You know that organization of the alumni 
is making progress. You are placing a part of your 
dependence upon that body for the success of your admin- 
istration. With the new impulse and direction which you 
have given, we shall not fail in our support. 

Finally, Mr. President, the alumni are gratefully in 
accord with the mission of your office, as you have defined 
it. We know that behind the material resources which you 
rightly expect, stand the invisible ideas, the realm of mind 
and spirit. To the performance of your purpose, as you 
have so significantly and nobly stated it, we pledge our 
greatest endeavor and our highest achievement. 



Inaugural Address 

By President CLIFTON DAGGETT GRAY, Ph.D. 



Members of the Board of Fellows and of the Board of 
Overseers, Faculty, Alumni, Students and Friends: 

In accepting from the hands of the Trustees these insignia of 
ofl&ce, I conceive it my first duty on this occasion to set before 
this company some of the elemental causes which, in the course 
of little more than half a century, have given to these emblems 
of responsibility their present significance. Josiah Royce once 
said that the study of history is the beginning of creative wisdom. 
Today, as we stand on the threshold of a new epoch in the life 
of Bates and face the future with high hope, we do well to pause 
for the inspiration and instruction that lie in our past. Perhaps 
the most remarkable thing about the latter is its brevity. It 
seems almost incredible that within the memory of some of our 
guests today pine stumps and swamp land had not yet given 
place to this beautiful campus and its stately buildings. They 
existed — but only in the creative mind of the man whose mar- 
velous energy and prescient vision led to his election as the first 
president of Bates College. The adventurous spirit of this 
Free Baptist pioneer in Christian education laid the foandations 
broad and well. In the midst of stupendous obstacles, facing 
often an indifference deadlier than active opposition, he "carried 
on" for more than a quarter of a century. When, finally, Oren 
Burbank Cheney put off his armor — to use his own words on 
that memorable twenty-second of September, 1894 — what he 
turned over to his successor was not a vision but a reality, a 
reality that possessed form and substance and in which, best of 
all, was the breath of life. 

At that time the physical assets of the institution were a 
campus of fifty acres, six buildings, a seventh in the process 
of erection, and a permanent endowment of $300,000. The 
second president of Bates College, like his predecessor, was a 
man of outstanding faith. The story of his administration 
during the last twenty-five years reads Uke a modern Eleventh 



28 Inauguration 

Chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrews. His task was that of 
building upon the broad foundations laid by the first president. 
That he built wisely and well is seen in the almost unprecedented 
expansion which has taken place during these years. The six 
buildings have grown to eighteen, the faculty from nine to 
thirty-eight, the student body from 167 to 500, the alumni body 
from 600 to more than 2300, the $300,000 endowment to nearly 
$1,200,000. The inscription in St. Paul's Cathedral referring 
to its architect. Sir Christopher Wren, might well be written 
of George Colby Chase, whose great heart somewhere in the fair 
fields of God is beating with our hearts today: " Si monumentum 
requaeris, circumspice." 

There is no more inspiring section of American history than 
that which relates to the growth of all our pre-revolutionary 
colleges. In those pioneer days men were accustomed to a 
degree of sacrifice which the average man of today can not con- 
ceive, much less endure. The first president of Brown Uni- 
versity, James Manning, had no salary at all for a time, serving 
as pastor of the church at Warren, R. I., in order to keep him- 
self alive. After he did receive a salary, it was frequently in 
arrears and he was obliged to cultivate potatoes and other 
vegetables to save himself from starvation. Long after the 
revolution, when Francis Wayland was in the zenith of his power 
and reputation as president of this same institution, the total 
college endowment amounted to but $31,300. No less heroic, 
however, have been the labors and sacrifices of those faithful 
men who have built themselves into this noble structure. Even 
today, in the midst of a civilization of abounding resources, the 
avocation of agriculture still serves to supplement their all too 
meager incomes. Teaching, like the ministry, has always been 
an altruistic profession. If the day ever comes when it is not, 
alas for our educational institutions and for society itself! No 
one can turn over the pages of these fifty and more years of our 
history without realizing that Bates College has been running 
true to form and has in no degree been behind her sister institu- 
tions whose foundations reach back into those pre-revolutionary 
times when wealth was as rare as poverty is today. 

The significance of these symbols of authority which have 
been placed in my hands rests not alone in the fact that I am to 
become the responsible custodian of nearly $2,000,000 worth of 
property. This is truly important, but by no means of greatest 



Bates College 29 

importance. " The things which are seen are temporal, but the 
things which are unseen are eternal." The builders of Bates 
College have left to our charge what is both more enduring and 
more worthful than the commodious and substantial buildings 
that adorn this campus. These alone — even with Mount David, 
"beautiful for situation" — would have been merely a body 
without a soul. Without ideals a college is dead, be its endow- 
ment ever so large or its equipment ever so extensive. With 
ideals, a college, be it ever so poor, is a living force. But our 
foimders have done more than bequeath us ideals. The ideals 
left by them have already — within the short space of fifty years — 
come to be traditions. To these traditions we do well here and 
now to pledge anew our unfailing loyalty and devotion. They 
constitute the most precious part of the trust that has been 
committed to our care, for it is through none other than these 
ideals that Bates has made her most significant contribution to 
the day and generation she has attempted in some measure to 
serve. 

Democracy and Simplicity 
One of our strongest traditions has been the emphasis upon 
democracy and simplicity. These ideals are closely related. 
It is difiicult to conceive of one imaccompanied, at least in some 
degree, by the other. At the very outset, our insistence upon 
the democratic ideal led to the adoption of an advanced position 
with regard to the admission of women upon equal terms with 
men, resulting in the honorable distinction of our being the first 
college in New England to carry our democracy beyond the 
barriers of sex. Those first women students were brave indeed! 
Their presence was grudgingly allowed and often attended with 
ridicule and open antagonism. To the natural conservatism of 
New England, co-education in those days seemed like a strange 
exotic transplanted from the progressive prairies of the West. It 
is no mean accomplishment to have been among the protagonists 
of the modem feminist movement which is really a part of that 
larger drift in the direction of democracy that is coincident 
with the growth of the American republic among the nations. 
This fundamental feeling for democracy so characteristic of our 
history has surmounted other barriers besides that of sex. The 
color line has never been drawn in this institution and no one has 
ever found our doors shut in his face because of race or creed. 



30 Inauguration 

Catholic and Jew have found in our classroom a welcome and an 
opportunity equal in every respect to the opportunity and wel- 
come offered to those of Protestant faith. In these days, when 
in some quarters it is hailed as a new discovery that the word 
"democracy" may have other than a poUtical significance, it is 
well to bear in mind this little group of idealists at Lewiston who 
for more than half a century have been not only teaching but 
actually putting into practice a theory of democracy that has 
been by no means limited to the realm of political action but 
whose social implications have run directly contrary to some 
prejudices as deep-seated as any inherited by this age or by any 
other. 

No one can doubt that our traditions of democracy and 
simplicity are closely related to the positions which have been 
consciously taken in the matter of our mission to students of 
limited means. There has never been a time when a large 
proportion of the undergraduate body was not engaged in various 
occupations, most of them gainful, all of them laborious, for the 
purpose of earning their way, in part or in whole, during their 
four years' residence. It has been the constant and studied 
policy of Bates to spare no effort to be helpful to students 
struggling with poverty. To this end, the founders felt it 
incumbent upon themselves not only to provide opportunities 
for remunerative employment and supplementary aid through 
scholarships but to see to it that the poorest young man or 
woman found here a happy college home. For this reason they 
steadfastly opposed the creation of artificial barriers or distinc- 
tions. There were to be no cliques and no secret fraternities, 
for these were thought to be essentially undemocratic and, while 
they might have a useful function in other institutions, their 
presence at Bates, where so many were working their way through 
college, could serve no good end. 

Educational Ideals 

Another of the ideals that has ever been held before us is the 
nature of the educational task to which we have set our hand. 
There has never been a time in our brief history when our vision 
has been obscured as to how we could function most effectively 
as an educational institution. We have never wished to be other 
than a small college. While we have never yet set exact bounds 
to our student body, we have tacitly agreed that it must not be 



Bates College 31 

so numerous as to interfere with those ideals of personal rela- 
tionship between teachers and students which we regard as 
essential to the best educational method. We have had, there- 
fore, no ambition to become either an overgrown college or an 
undersized university. 

It is true that we have been more or less affected by the 
developments of the last generation in higher education. Our 
curriculum has given a larger place to modern languages and to 
the sciences than they once had, while psychology, sociology and 
political economy have been received hospitably alongside of 
older disciplines. Radical as we have been in some directions, 
we have been strangely conservative in the matter of the curric- 
ulum. It may be that our limited resources have saved us from 
the temptations to which a wealthier institution might have 
succumbed. We have felt that it is no part of our task to give 
our students a bowing acquaintance with fifty-seven varieties of 
knowledge. We have never been anxious to have our conspectus 
of courses look like the carte du jour of a metropoUtan hostelry. 
Those students — of whom there seems to be an increasing num- 
ber — who set more store by hors d'oeuvres and French pastry than 
by meat and potatoes and bread and butter probably find our 
intellectual menu too restricted. This is neither the time nor 
the place to enter into the discussion of the merits and demerits 
of the elective system, but it is a matter of satisfaction to observe 
that, in these days when the pendulum is swinging away from 
what a distinguished educator has called d la carte education, 
it is swinging back to the position to which Bates has consistently 
held for many years. 

Our conservatism is discoverable not only in the subjects 
taught but in our methods of teaching. I have yet to find among 
our faculty an advocate of painless education. While it is true 
that to some extent we have made use of the lecture method in 
the class room, we have not believed in keeping students too 
long on diets of predigested food. The methods of the German 
university, however desirable for mature investigators, have 
never seemed to us to be adequate for the training of young 
minds still in the plastic state and needing the more rigorous 
regimen that is possible through other and older-fashioned 
methods. On the whole, we have held to what Dean Briggs 
calls the "old, resolute education," which believes that "the 



32 Inauguration 

mind should follow the bent of the study rather than that the 
study should follow the bent of the mind." Unhke some of the 
newer kindergarten methods that camouflage the multiplication 
table by playing "London Bridge" or ''Going to Jerusalem," 
it has not been as a rule necessary to introduce knowledge sur- 
reptitiously into our classrooms! The greater part of our stu- 
dent body has come here with serious purpose. The ycung 
adventurer who wastes his father's substance in aimless living 
does not find at Bates a congenial atmosphere. We have not 
had to meet the problems which some other institutions have 
been obliged to face, growing out of the presence in ever in- 
creasing numbers of young men who come to college for no better 
reason than that "it's the thing everybody in our set does" or 
because their fathers did. Relatively unknown here is the habit, 
indulged in by so many youth — whose present usefulness is 
apparently limited to their serving as artists' models for setting 
forth the merits of certain fashionable clothes — of prolonged 
mental fasting, followed by a brief period of forcible feeding at 
the hands of experienced tutors just before the finals. We give 
a wholesome place to athletics and to what is called "college 
life," but we do not allow them to become disproportionate 
interests. To use the expressive figure of President Wilson, 
"the side shows have not swallowed up the circus." We are 
still old-fashioned enough to believe that a college is primarily 
an educational institution! 

Emphasis on Vital Christianity 

The last, and most treasured, part of our heritage is our 
traditional insistence upon the maintenance of a vital Christian 
atmosphere in everything that is connected with our institution. 
This has not been due to the fact that Bates College is the con- 
tribution to Christian education of a small denominational group 
or to the farther fact that, like so many of the older collegiate 
foundations in New England, we came into existence by reason 
of the demand for an educated ministry. Such an origin is no 
sure guarantee for the perpetuation in after years of a vital 
Christian atmosphere. There is even less ground for assuming 
that our traditional attitude toward Christianity is the outgrowth 
of some creedal interpretation of it. On the contrary, the original 
charter of this institution, granted in a day when denominational 
lines were very sharply drawn, contains not a solitary word 



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Bates College 33 

hinting at denominational restriction. Ten years before this 
time, Maine State Seminary, out of which Bates College grew, 
was founded. Its charter was written by Ebenezer Knowlton, 
the grandfather of the present Governor of Maine, and this is hovt 
he describes this feature of his work: "Not a line in it shall be 
sectarian or even denominational. The school, God wilUng, 
shall be dedicated to evangelical Christianity." Such cath- 
olicity as this seems the more remarkable placed over against 
a picture of the prevailing religious habits of the times. Less 
than twenty years before, for example, Edward Everett Hale, 
then an undergraduate at Harvard College, wrote in his diary, 
under the date of May 27, 1837, the following: "Called to 
Prexy's study and informed that I had been reported to the 
faculty for wearing a coat of illegal color on Sunday. I had 
appeared last Sunday in a dark brown one." The legalism and 
intolerance of those ante-bellum days have long ago given place 
to other and kindlier views of the relation of religion to life, 
for all of which we may be profoundly grateful. But in this age, 
when breadth of religious views is frequently indistinguishable 
from thinness and when conceptions of religious tolerance 
become at times so elastic as to permit, in institutions founded 
by the church, teaching that undermines faith in the Founder 
of Christianity and in the authority of His teachings, it is 
refreshing to gain inspiration from these stalwarts of a former 
day. The founders of Bates College, religious leaders far ahead 
of their generation, had caught the secret of allowing others full 
right to their convictions in religion while not abating one jot 
or tittle of their own and they were imbued with a consuming 
passion to make this an educational institution which people 
would continue to call Christian not out of a meticulous regard 
for historical accuracy but because throughout the entire institu- 
tion, on campus and in classroom, there was evident the pervasive 
atmosphere of a vital Christianity. 

Those who have followed after have carried out with con- 
spicuous fideUty the ideals of the founders. They have never 
lost sight of the ultimate purpose of education — the establishment 
of character and the making of that character more efficient 
through mental discipUne. John Henry Newman in his "Idea 
of a University" pubUshed in 1852 wrote on this wise, "A 
university in its bare idea . . has this object and this mission. 



34 Inauguration 

it contemplates neither moral impression nor mechanical pro- 
duction; it professes to exercise the mind neither in art nor in 
duty, its function is intellectual culture." It is needless to 
point out in this presence that such a divorce of education from 
morals and reUgion as this contemplated by Newman is abso- 
lutely contrary to those ideals of our fathers, long ago translated 
into traditions, which have led us to the frank avowal of the 
position that education without Christianity is unsafe for the 
world. 

These, in brief, are the controlling ideals which have given 
to Bates College whatever distinctive character it possesses. 
The perpetuation of these ideals and the application of them to 
the new social and economic conditions growing out of the Great 
War, I conceive to be perhaps the most important part of the 
great trust which you today have formally committed to my 
care. I should be untrue to my deepest instincts if I did not 
place myself under the most solemn obligation in the presence 
of this company to uphold at all times and under all circumstances 
th se worthful ideals of democracy, of simplicity, of vital religion, 
of an education that makes for character — all of which are 
inseparably bound up with every period of our history from the 
hour of our birth down to the present moment. 

The American College — An Essential Industry 

This is the first commencement season in three years in which 
there is any indication that American colleges have resumed their 
normal life. Graduating classes throughout the coimtry still 
show in their diminished numbers the effects of our participation 
in the terrible conflict to which we had determined to give our 
last full measure of devotion. In an hour of imminent and 
deadly peril the nation looked to the colleges for those who should 
lead the new national army to victory. They did not seek in 
vain. Dormitories were turned into barracks and contribution 
was exacted from every course in the curriculum for the all- 
dominating purpose of the winning of the war. Professors and 
instructors by the hundreds left their classes and entered gov- 
ernment service. There will never be a more glorious chapter 
in our history than the one entitled "American Colleges and the 
Great War." Had the conflict continued, our college halls 
today would have been as silent and deserted as have been those 
of Oxford and Cambridge since 1914 and the stars on our service 



Bates College 35 

flags would have been turned by this time into a field of gold. 
But happily this was not to be and today we find ourselves 
with our ranks but slightly depleted, ready to carry on in days 
of peace as in days of war. In the light of all the lessons from 
our past, what shall be said concerning the task of the present 
hour and the opportunities of the future? What contribution 
has our experience fitted us to make to the new age ushered in 
at the close of the Great War? 

The new age! How anyone can permit this phrase to rest 
lightly or unadvisedly upon his lips is beyond comprehension. 
There have been darker periods in our national history, but 
th( re has never been a time since the Declaration of Independence 
when the future contained so many possibiUties of fundamental 
change as it does at this very hour. Other generations have had 
to turn to books to get at the meaning of a world crisis like the 
breaking up of the Roman Empire or the French Revolution. 
This generation has only to look at what is going on under its 
very eyes to realize that there is taking place in both hemispheres 
something, the full significance of which no one is wise enough 
at present to estimate, but which is bound to affect for good or 
ill the destinies of the whole world for centuries to come. On 
the other side of the Atlantic, the twilight of the kings has faded 
into the darkness of the night. Autocracy has gone, but in its 
place has arisen the dread spectre of chaos and anarchy. That 
we can escape altogether the effects of the world disorder because 
of our isolated position is a vain hope. Our isolation is a thing 
of yesterday. The seas are no longer barriers between nation 
and nation; they have rather become bearers of life from one 
nation to another; modern methods of transportation have made 
them not obstructions but channels of communication. Tariff 
walls may keep out commodities but not ideas. The whole 
world is one. The colleges of the nation have never had 
presented to them a greater need or a greater opportunity for 
furnishing to the state the steadying influences of the con- 
structive idealism which has ever been one of their finest products. 
No one is clairvoyant enough to predict what lies ahead. We 
have begun to sail on uncharted seas. The previous experience 
of the race does not make us wise enough to plot out our course. 
We have been thrust back upon fundamentals. Even a liberal 
like John Galsworthy has recently declared that the only saving 
way is for states to reorganize education spiritually, in other 



36 Inauguration 

words, to introduce religion — "a religion of service for the com- 
mon weal, a social honor which puts the health and happiness 
of all first, and the wealth of self second." 

Conservers of the Things of the Spirit 

According to one of the leading college presidents in the 
country, a college is primarily a home of the spirit, for the 
cultivation of the things of the spirit, and for the passing on of 
the spiritual traditions of the race from generation to generation. 
At the risk of laymg myself open to the charge of preaching, I 
should like to make this statement my own. I do not fail to 
recognize fully the place and importance of other tasks which 
normally belong to such an institution as this, but I call your 
attention to the fact that these other tasks relate to the means 
rather than the end, to the method rather than the ultimate 
purpose, and that it is possible to become so engrossed in method 
that we may lose sight of the dominating and continuing aim 
which should furnish the only justification for our existence. 
From the experiences of the last three years, nothing could be 
clearer than that the work of the colleges is an essential industry 
in time of war. They did both their "bit" and their best. It is 
equally clear that the college is an essential industry in time of 
peace. 

When I speak of the colleges of the country as the con- 
servators of the spiritual traditions of the race, I do not intend 
to disparage other great and important forces which tend to 
perpetuate spiritual traditions. It would ill become the head of 
an institution which is a product of the Christian church to utter 
a syllable that would in the slightest degree detract from the 
inestimable influence exercised by an educated and forward- 
looking ministry. Nor do I overlook other great factors like 
the press that has almost unequalled opportunities in shaping 
pubUc opinion and in bringing it to constantly higher levels. 
On the other hand, we must not confuse the professor's chair 
with the lecture platform or the pulpit. The spiritual treas- 
ures of a college are not kept in safety-deposit boxes and brought 
out only on state occasions like commencements or inaugurations. 
From the opening of the college year to the close of the final 
examinations, there is not a day when the teacher does not, like 
the householder in the parable, "bring forth out of his treasure 



Bates College 37 

things new and old." Sometimes, when the treasure is so new 
that society has not had opportunity to appraise it at its true 
value, or when the professor himself has brought out "fool's 
gold," thinking it to be genuine metal, the latter gets a front- 
page position in the early afternoon editions with the result 
that the public, a large portion of which still naively thinks 
of "truth" and "printers' ink" as interchangeable terms, 
obtains a wholly distorted notion of the daily doings of the 
classroom, forgetting the inelegant but expressive aphorism: 
"Bein' good ain't news." 

Character Through Contagion 

The real guardians of the spiritual treasures which the college 
passes on from generation to generation are those teachers who 
impart something more than knowledge to their pupils. It is 
always easier to make scholars than men. It is through the 
contagion of personality and character that we are enabled most 
effectively to transmit these incomparable treasures of the spirit. 
I am frank to say that the question, "Has he written anything?" 
so often employed as a test of a man's fitness for a college position, 
does not interest me overmuch. Text-books and other contribu- 
tions through the printed page, invaluable though they be, do 
not compare in value with those intangible, but not less real, 
results produced by the true teacher who has been enabled to 
kindle the fire in another soul because his own soul was first 
aflame. As some one has put it, a great teacher is worth more to 
a state though he teach by the roadside than a faculty of medioc- 
rities housed in Gothic piles. It is impossible to overstate the 
value to society of an educational system that has for its purpose 
the transmission to succeeding generations of the great moral and 
spiritual sanctions of the race. On the other hand, it is impossible 
to exaggerate the menace to the world of a system of education 
that deifies the state, worships Weltmacht as its god and makes a 
scrap of paper of every moral sanction by declaring that "neces- 
sity knows no law." A few days after the armistice, I happened 
to be traveling along one of the lines of defence in Picardy, de- 
serted only a few weeks before by the German armies, and many 
times since it has seemed to me, as I have recalled those scenes of 
horror and desolation, that not by chance had the enemy named 
its main Imes of defence after the gods and half-gods of the old 



38 Inauguration 

Norse mythology brought to life again by Wagner in his 
Niebelungen trilogy. The nation of Luther's day would have 
called its battle-lines after the warriors of the Old Testament, 
but modern Germany instinctively turns to its pagan deities — 
Wotan, the War Lord, who sought unlimited power; Siegfried, 
the betrayer of Brunhild, while under the spell of a magic potion. 
A nation is bound to make its gods in its own image if its teachers 
fail to pass on the spiritual heritage of the fathers. De-Chris- 
tianized education produces national decay and ends in ultimate 
disaster and death. The Christian college has for its supreme 
task the training of the moral and spiritual leaders of each 
succeeding generation. To this task we must not fail to give 
our best. 

Our Immediate Task 

In what I have been saying, it has been my purpose to place 
before you something of the significance of those invisible but 
none the less real forces which have brought into existence this 
institution and in the course of less than three-score years given 
to it a place in the affection of its alumni and in the esteem of the 
educational world of which many an older college might well be 
proud. I have also attempted to set forth what seems to me to 
be the supreme contribution of the Christian college to the age it 
serves and especially as related to these unparalleled days of world 
disorder, anarchy and unrest, from which our country may not 
wholly escape. But battles are not won simply by discussing war 
aims. It is equally necessary to face questions of strategy and 
tactics. Bates College is about to enter upon a new period in its 
history. The evidence on every hand points in but one direction. 
The return this week of an unprecedented number of her sons and 
daughters is one of the happy indications of our realization that 
today are being written the first sentences in a new chapter of 
the volume that shall bear the title, " The Story of Bates College." 

Our program for the future is determined in no small measure 
by the new economic situation. The high cost of learning is a 
twin brother to the high cost of living. We may congratulate 
ourselves upon being a corporation with something like $2,000,000 
worth of property, but when we stop to think that more than 
one-third of this is not income-producing and that the normal 
charges for its upkeep have more than doubled in the last five 
years, and when we stop to think again that the portion of it 



Bates College 39 

which does bring us an income — some $1,200,000 — is only the 
equivalent of less than half that sum before the war, we are at 
once brought face to face with our most pressing problem, the 
urgency of which I cannot overestimate. Twenty-five years 
ago my distinguished predecessor in this office in his inaugural 
address declared that the first need of the college was an endow- 
ment yielding income enough to meet current expenses. The 
need today is as urgent as it was then. The great task to which 
we should immediately set our hand is the adding of a second 
miUion dollars to our endowment. This is made the more 
necessary by reason of the fact that yesterday the governing 
bodies of this institution voted unanimously to increase by 
several thousand dollars the amount paid for instruction — a 
deserved, though of necessity tardy, recognition of the fideUty 
and unselfish service of as noble a group of men and women as 
ever served an institution like this. 

But we have certain material needs almost as pressing. To 
refer again to the inaugural address of my predecessor. In his 
closing words he gives us his vision of the Bates of the future: 

"I can see her beautiful campus (made thrice beautiful by the skill 
of the landscape gardener) dotted with a score of graceful but substantial 
buildings. I can see her gymnasium, not the humble though highly 
appreciated one of today, but a solid structure of brick and stone ... I 
can see her long coveted observatory crowning our beautiful Mount David 
and taking nightly counsel with the stars. . . I can see her students 
gathering for prayers in a chapel larger than this and dedicated solely 
to the worship of God." 

Part of this vision has become a reality, although the 
'humble" gymnasium is still with us and Mount David is as 
yet uncrowned. I too have been seeing visions and dreaming 
dreams, and some day it will be my privilege to communicate 
them to every friend of Bates, but on this occasion it sufiices 
simply to enumerate the outstanding and immediate necessities 
in our physical equipment. The first is of course the gym- 
nasium which ought to be the next major addition to our plant. 
There is also need for a new recitation building to take care of 
the present serious congestion. For some time our library 
facilities have been greatly limited for lack of room and the 
addition of a new stack-room is imperative. We ought in the 
near future to undertake the remodelling of the first floor in 
Rand Hall. These with other improvements, all of which are 
pressing in their urgency, mean the investment of the greater 



40 Inauguration 

part of a second million dollars. It seems to me that nothing 
less than this spells efficiency in the new epoch upon which 
we have just entered. At the present time, except for a single 
course given by the department of philosophy we have no work 
whatever in the fine arts. This is a need which has long been 
realized. We should establish at the earliest possible moment a 
department of music, not only giving courses in both theory and 
technique but having charge of the whole musical life of the 
college. Yesterday, the governing bodies of the institution voted 
enthusiastically to enter upon a Five- Year Program with a Two 
Million Dollar Goal. It may be that while we are devoting 
whole-heartedly our energies to the realization of this none too 
ambitious goal, some generous patron will see fit to endow a 
chair of music. 

There are other needs, but I do not propose to tax your 
patience farther on this occasion. There always will be needs — 
a college is a perpetual mendicant — and that will indeed be a 
sorry day for Bates College when she has enough and to spare. 
Enlarging needs ought always to be the corollary of enlarging 
usefulness. The material resources of Bates College are still 
seriously limited and she is poor, compared with the almost 
unlimited wealth enjoyed by some institutions of learning, but 
she is rich in her noble ideals and traditions, rich in the affection 
of those who have learned to love her in proportion as they have 
sacrificed for her welfare, rich in the useful lives of her sons and 
daughters who throughout the length and breadth of this land 
and across the seas are exemplifying the high ideals of con- 
secrated service to state and nation which they learned in these 
halls. Today we stand on the threshold of this new epoch in 
our history and we face the future years with noble purpose, with 
high hope and with unshaken confidence because of our faith 
in One whose wisdom is better than our own and because we 
know that the God who led our fathers will continue to guide 
and inspire their successors. 



Bates College 41 



ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT GRAY TO THE SENIOR 

CLASS 

Members of the Senior Class: 

In this closing word, there is only time for me to impress 
upon your minds a single thought. 

You have today arrived at a climax in your experience. 
These are high days. Very shortly you are to go out from 
these halls into the realities of the struggle for life and for 
success. You are to take with you the things which you 
have learned here. Let me give you in this moment this 
one word of advice : Be faithful in doing the ordinary tasks 
of life, and in that fidelity to the doing of the ordinary 
tasks you will discover that you are being prepared for the 
extraordinary tasks, for the hour of crisis, for the time 
which may call upon you for every atom of energy and for 
every ability of mind and spirit that you have. Daily, 
continuous faithfulness to the drudgery and to the hard, 
unremitting toil of daily life is one of the best preparations 
for success. 

One day several months ago I stood on the deck of an 
ocean liner, by the landing stage, at Liverpool. While we 
were waiting for the liner to warp out of the dock and into 
the Mersey there came across from the other side, perhaps 
from Birkenhead, a ferry boat, a very commonplace boat, 
black with commuters that were going to their work in the 
great city. Some one by my side, in an officer's uniform, 
asked me if I knew what boat that was. I looked at her 
prow and I saw inscribed there the name "Royal Iris." 
This officer said, "I want to tell you about that ferry boat. 
The 'Royal Iris' and her companion boat, both of which ply 
back and forth and have been plying back and forth for 
many years from one side of the Mersey to the other, per- 
formed a great and glorious deed. They were the ferry 



42 Inauguration 

boats that pushed the 'Invincible* up into the Mole at 
Zeebrugge," one of the instances that brought immortal- 
ity to the British Navy during the war. Now this ferry 
boat, after having participated in that one great moment 
of exaltation in pushing the "Invincible" up into the Mole 
at Zeebrugge is back again at her old task, plying back 
and forth, doing the very commonplace duties of carrying 
commuters from one side of the river to the other. 

You will find in that little incident something that you 
may well apply to your own experience. After you have 
been called upon, perhaps, to make some supreme effort, 
do not feel that it is unworthy for you to go back to the 
daily drudgery by which the work of the world is accom- 
plished, but be very sure that your experience in these 
moments of exaltation and your ability to accomplish a 
great victory have been made possible because you have 
been faithful in doing your day's work. May you, then, 
as you go out into the world and engage in your various 
occupations, have the consciousness each day the sun sets 
upon your toil that you have been faithful in the little 
things and that by acquiring a habit of fidelity in what 
seems to be least important and least interesting, your 
lives will be prepared for the hour of supreme need when 
your state, or your nation, or your God, summons you to 
service. 



Bates College 



43 



DEGREES AND HONORS 
Degrees were conferred as follows : 

BACHELORS OF ARTS 



Arey, Evelyn Winifred 
Barron, Julia Hopkins 
Barrow, Ellis Dale 
Blaisdell, Walter Halbert 
Bowman, Irene Melita 
Burns, Ralph Arthur 
Crawford, Helen Winslow 
Creelman, Fred Norman 
Crockett, Hattie Belle 
Edward, Vivian Beryl 
Gadd, Edna Dorothy 
Goddard, Harvey Burton 
Goodall, Grace Mildred 
Guptill, Philip Holmes 
Hall, James Haviland Smith 
Hamilton, Marjorie Louise 
Hamilton, Mary Josephine 
Hamlen, Charles Elmer 
Irish, Burton Walter 
Jackson, Vernice Ruth 
Kennison, Paul Hartwell 
Kirschbaum, Charles Hunt 
*Lamson, George Carroll 
Lamson, Josie Emerson 
Lane, Eloise Frances 
Logan, Gladys Lillian 
Lucas, Arthur Fletcher 
McCallister, Ruth 
McKenzie, Ernest Alexander 



May, Arlene Stevens 
Mays, Benjamin Elijah 
Moore, Priscilla 
Murphy, Raymond Edward 
Page, Agnes Fowler 
Paris, Annabel Harriet 
Peterson, Myrtle Annie 
Philbrook, Lawrence We3miouth 
Pierce, Elinor Shirley 
Potts, Harry Leavitt 
Rice, Albion Ramsdell 
Ripley, Rachel Louise 
Sanders, Marion Gertrude 
Sargent, Ida Louise 
Small, Wesley Alton 
Soule, Mildred Arlene 
Symmes, Eva Bernice 
Tackaberry, Sara Christine 
Taylor, Ida Alice 
Thomas, Marjorie Etta 
Tilton, Paul Josiah 
Tracy, Leighton Goodwin 
Tracy, Olin Berry 
Trask, Ervin Elverton 
Walton, Clarence Eldon 
Weymouth, Ethel Marion 
Williston, Elizabeth Reifsnyder 
Wood, Howard Douglas 



Woodman, Stanton Howe 
* Degree to be conferred by the President when certain deficiencies 
are removed. 

BACHELORS OF SCIENCE 
Buker, Gerald Holden Keyes, Rudolph Howard 

Dean, John Josiah Larkum, Newton Wheeler 

Freedman, Louis Archie Mosher, James Earle 

Garrett, Ransome Joseph Stetson, Charles Benjamin 

Kendall, Raymond Leon Voigtlander, Oscar 



44 Inauguration 

BACHELOR OF SACRED THEOLOGY 

Will Soper Coleman 

ADVANCED DEGREES 

MASTERS OF ARTS 
John Wesley Coburn, Bowdoin, '19 
Charles Henry Higgins, '15 
John Archer David, '04 

HONORARY DEGREES 

The following honorary degrees were conferred by Pres- 
ident Gray: The degree of Doctor of Laws upon Calvin 
Coolidge, Governor of Massachusetts; the degree of Doctor 
of Laws upon Alfred W. Anthony of New York City; the 
degree of Doctor of Laws upon Cecil C. Jones, Chancellor 
of the University of New Brunswick ; the degree of Doctor 
of Letters upon Margaret W. Deland ; the degree of Doctor 
of Divinity upon James S. Durkee, President of Howard 
University ; the degree of Doctor of Pedagogy upon Lorenzo 
E. Moulton of Auburn. 

The following honors were announced by President 
Gray: 
General Scholarship: 

Juniors — Winslow S. Anderson, Rachel S. Knapp. 

Sophomores — Clarence A. Forbes, Harold W. Manter, 
Grace P. Gould. 

Freshmen — Carl E, Purinton, Theodora R. Barentzen. 
Excellence in Public Speaking: 

Senior Exhibition, Prize Offered by Oren N. Hilton, 
1871— Clarence E. Walton. 

Junior Exhibition — Edward A. Morris, Ruth Colburn. 

Sophomore Champion Debate — Men's Division winning 
team, Aurie I. Johnson, John W. Ashton; best individual 
speaker, Robert B. Watts. 

Women's Division winning team, E. Marie Becker, Mary 
A. Clifford; best individual speaker, E. Marie Becker. 

Sophomore Declamations — Alexander E. Mansour, E. 
Marie Becker. 

Freshman Declamations — Stanley A. Galvariski, Jeanne 
C. Bachelin. 



Bates College 45 

Winners in Debates against Cornell and Harvard — Ar- 
thur F. Lucas, Charles M. Starbird, Robert B. Watts. 

Excellence in English Composition: 

Sophomore Essay — Harold W. Manter; honorable men- 
tion, Dorothea Davis. 

Bryant Prize, for best essay by Senior on "Arbitration in- 
stead of War" : Arthur F. Lucas. 

Excellence in Greek, prizes offered to Freshmen by W. 
Bertrand Stevens, 1906: Herbert A. Carroll, Theodora 
R. Barentzen. 

Excellence in Latin, prize offered to Juniors by Daniel R. 
Hodgdon, 1908 — Theodora R. Dennison. 

Coe Scholarship, awarded to the young man in the Junior 
class vi^hose scholarship and conduct, during the first 
three years of his course, have been the most meri- 
torious — Winslow S. Anderson. 

Election to Phi Beta Kappa : Seniors — Harvey B. Goddard, 
Arthur F. Lucas, Clarence E. Walton, Agnes F. Page, 
Marjorie E. Thomas, Ethel M. Weymouth. 

Election to Delta Sigma Rho: Robert B. Watts. 

Election to College Club : Seniors, Ralph A. Burns, Harvey 
B. Goddard, Arthur F. Lucas, Olin B. Tracy, Clarence E. 
Walton. 



The Commencement Dinner 

At the conclusion of the Bates Commencement dinner 
in the big tent on the campus, the assembly was called to 
order by the President, presiding as toastmaster, who said : 

Ladies and Gentlemen: 

We are sorry to bring this delightful season to an end 
by beginning the after-dinner speeches! (Applause.) 

You don't applaud that very much; I think you ought 
to laugh louder than that; I don't think you heard it! 
(Laughter.) Can you hear over in that farther corner? 

A Voice: Yes. 

The President: Have you finished eating? 

A Voice: Yes. 

The President: That is truly remarkable! (Laughter.) 
I should like, first of all, to call the attention of every one 
under this roof to the wonderful and unusual facilities that 
have been made for this great occasion that is about to 
come off. (Laughter.) Did you notice, as you came 
toward the college campus, the upheaval of the street? 
You did. Do you know why that is? Do you know that 
the gas company of this city for this special occasion 
(laughter) has been putting in a larger main? (Laugh- 
ter.) And it comes directly around to the back of this tent ! 
(Laughter and applause.) We are, indeed, favored. 

My attention was called a little while ago to the fact 
that I have forgotten the keys of the college. I forgot 
something else, but nobody seems to have noticed it. Do 
you recall the fact that in handing out at least two or three 
of the honorary degrees the exact kind of degree that 
was to be conferred was not mentioned? I suppose the 
reason for that was the fact that in preparing for the 
granting of the first degree, the degree of Doctor of Peda- 
gogy, I practiced not less than twelve hours and fifty min- 
utes in order to be sure not to pronounce that word "Peda- 
goggy." (Laughter.) 



Bates College 47 

I heard President Lowell of Harvard say the other day 
that the only two permanent results of the war that have 
been left us were the two French words "liaison" and 
"camouflage." Now applying that to the present situation 
it is perfectly obvious that the task of the toastmaster is 
that of "liaison." (Laughter and applause.) I observe 
that your keen perception makes it unnecessary for me to 
carry on the analogy. 

I wish to make some interesting announcements. It 
seems to me that before we begin the real after-dinner 
speaking we should be very glad to know one or two things. 
This is the proper occasion to make these announcements 
lest the succeeding speeches should be so interesting that we 
forget them. And I take this occasion to remind this 
entire company that, on account of the unfavoring weather 
of last evening, the Greek play is to be given this evening 
at nine o'clock, and it will be followed at ten o'clock by the 
President's reception; and whether anything else follows 
or not — (Laughter.) Again your keen perceptions assist 
me. (Laughter and applause.) I only have to say this, 
that, it being the President's reception, we shall expect all 
of you to be present for at least a part of the exercises. 

I should like to announce also that Prof. James Raymond 
Brackett, of the Class of '75, for more than thirty years 
professor of English Literature at the University of Colo- 
rado, has made to this college a most beautiful gift of a 
collection of photographs that he has himself taken during 
his many travels in Greece. These photographs have been 
enlarged and colored and they are now exhibited in the 
Music Room at Chase Hall. If you have not seen this beau- 
tiful gift you should take the opportunity to do so while 
you are here. (Applause.) We certainly appreciate the 
thoughtfulness of Dr. Brackett in making such a valuable 
presentation to us. 

I think that possibly at the present moment we should 
be introduced to the youngest members of the Alumni of 
Bates College. I have been meeting men and women of 
all ages — I beg pardon — I have been meeting the Alumni 
and Alumnse of all classes. I met an alumnus the other 



48 Inauguration 

day who said, "I belong to the Class of '74." "Well," I said, 
"that is my class," and that is true. I belong to the Class 
of '74. I suppose that is the yearling class. But I want 
to present to you — I do not see them before me, but I pre- 
sume they are somewhere in this presence — two of the 
youngest Alumni of Bates College. We are very fortunate 
indeed in having with us on this commencement week two 
of the surviving members of the Class of '67, the first 
class to graduate from Bates College, Dr. Arthur Given of 
Clermont, Florida, and Dr. Frank Eugene Sleeper of 
Sabattus. (Applause.) I wish these gentlemen might rise. 

(The two gentlemen referred to arose and were given 
a most cordial greeting.) 

One of the two : "We are old relics." 

The President: "Old relics," they say — but not yet in 
the museum! (Laughter and applause.) 

I am going to make the first victim of this occasion one 
whose presence with us we appreciate very much, and all 
the more because of his activities and splendid services in 
relation to one of the other colleges of Maine. I desire to 
present to you, as the first speaker, Mr. Chief Justice 
Cornish of the Supreme Court of Maine. 

ADDRESS OF MR. CHIEF JUSTICE CORNISH 

Mr. President, Your Excellencies, Sons and Daughters of 

Bates College: 

Some years ago, my namesake, Leslie M. Shaw, Secre- 
tary of the Treasury, made a Republican speech in Port- 
land, and he commenced by telling the story of a woman 
who went to see her sister's new-born child. When she 
came out of the room she remarked, "That is the hand- 
somest baby that Mary ever had, looks more like my chil- 
dren." (Laughter and applause.) And as I look you over 
here to-day, you look more like my children in old Colby 
over at Waterville. (Applause.) 

I think there is no sect that has more divisions, or that 
had years ago, than the Baptists. One of the first opinions 
I ever drew was in regard to a church up in Bridgton, 




CHASE HALL 



Bates College 49 

called the "Particular Baptist Church." And we used to 
have the "Hard-shell Baptists," and the "Freewill Bap- 
tists," and I, having been connected with Colby College as 
a trustee for thirty-two years, consider myself a Baptist 
with reasonable reservations. (Laughter.) I might per- 
haps call myself a "Near Baptist." But to-day, in the 
presence of His Excellency from Massachusetts, I think we 
can all call ourselves Calvinist Baptists. (Laughter and 
applause.) 

1 desire to express to you, Mr. President, in the first 
place, in behalf of the Court, our thanks for your invita- 
tion to be present on this happy occasion. We are here, 
all the members of the Supreme Court except two. Those 
two are unavoidably detained. I have seen here also two 
judges of the Superior Court. And why shouldn't we be 
here? The Bible tells us to "remember our Creator in the 
days of our youth." Governor Milliken has appointed 
every one of the eight members of the Supreme bench 
(laughter and applause) and all four members of the Su- 
perior bench, an unprecedented occurrence in the history of 
this State. I also wish to express to you, Mr. President, the 
thanks of the Court, and, through you, to Bates College, for 
having contributed to our bench the senior associate, Mr. 
Justice Spear and also Mr. Justice Wilson. (Applause.) 
You may give them all the applause you desire, for they de- 
serve it because of the thoroughgoing, honest and able work 
which they are performing in the service of the State of 
Maine. (Applause.) 

I am here to congratulate you, Mr. President, also on 
your marriage to Bates College. To use the expression of 
a former judge of this Court on another occasion, "We are 
met today to forge another link in the golden chain of a 
great succession." You, Sir, represent that link, and I wish 
to say to you for Colby, the college I represent, that you 
have our sincere good wishes, you have our encouragement, 
you have our friendship. Colleges can only live by being 
friends, not by being enemies, the same as men can best 
live. Institutions are like men; they must be friends to 
one another, and anything that Colby College can do for 
you, Sir, we shall be delighted to do. (Applause.) 



50 Inauguration 

I have heard to-day of the past of Bates College. I 
have known it. I knew especially the second period of that 
past, the period of that great man who wrought himself 
into Bates College. All these splendid new buildings on 
this campus whisper his name. You might well call it 
"Chase College," and you would not be far from the truth. 
But, Sir, you are to-day facing the future. There is a 
"new face at the door." 

The various speakers have said a great deal to you to-day 
about trustees. I know something about trustees! Don't 
you rely upon them too much. (Laughter.) They are 
very often more bother than anything else. You go ahead 
and take your own course ; fight your own battles, win your 
own success in your own way. You have heard a great 
deal about the Alumni, and they doubtless will stand by 
you, but the real trial that you are going to have is before 
the jury of undergraduates. That is the jury you must 
have your case tried before, and you will succeed or fail 
as you win or lose your verdict from them. And I want 
to tell you that they are the fairest jury you can get. You 
give me boys and girls of the ages of from seventeen to 
twenty-two, and I assure you that they are a fair jury. 

I remember an incident at a bar banquet some years 
ago, where quite a pretentious judge — as a good many of 
us are — was puflBng himself out a little at the expense of 
the lawyers; he was discussing how quickly a judge on the 
bench could detect the merits or demerits of a lawyer. 
Chief Justice Peters, who sat at his side and who had a 
passion for pricking bubbles, interrupted by saying, "Judge, 
they can size us up just as quickly." (Laughter and 
applause.) 

I notice in the paper that your baccalaureate, Mr. Pres- 
ident, took up a subject which has lately come more prom- 
inently to the front. Law and Liberty. It came to the front 
a few days ago in Chicago under the designation of Law 
and Order. Coming down from Boston on the train yester- 
day were Governor Coolidge and his wife. A young lady 
said to the Governor, "Did you go to Chicago ?" Now, the 
Governor is very quick at repartee, as you know. He 



Bates College 51 

speaks before he thinks — always. (Laughter.) That is 
his outstanding characteristic. The husband of the young 
lady who asked the question said, before the Governor had 
time to answer, "No, he didn't go, but he arrived!" 
(Laughter and applause.) 

I think the nomination of a man for the second office 
within the gift of the people of this country, simply on his 
written words and on his acts backing up those words, is 
one of the most hopeful signs of the day. (Applause.) 
The text of his sermon has always been "Law and Order." 
And it won out, as it always will win out with the intelli- 
gent, honest-minded people of this country. (Applause.) 

I love always to think of the two inscriptions upon the 
Worcester county court house in Massachusetts. Above the 
entrance are these words: "Obedience to Law is Liberty." 
And inside — attributed to Senator Hoar — are the words, 
"Here Speaketh the Conscience of the State Restraining the 
Individual Will." Now, my friends, the members of the 
Court are endeavoring to maintain law and order, and to 
restrain the individual will in the interest of general 
society. Sometimes there come people, you know, who 
would like to throw it all into the rubbish heap, discard it; 
just as the lady who, watching a game of tennis, finally 
said, "I should think you would take away that net. It 
must interfere with the game !" (Laughter.) That is just 
exactly what the courts are striving to do, to maintain law 
and order, even if the net sometimes seems an obstruction. 
And, Mr. President, just so long, in my judgment, as the 
courts of Maine and the people of Maine have "Law and 
Order," and "Liberty under the Law" for their motto, just 
so long shall we have not only faith in the grand old Com- 
monwealth of Massachusetts, our mother State, but we 
shall also have faith in the State where you and I were 
born, where we were bred and educated and where, by the 
blessing of God, our bones shall lie at last, in the grand old 
State of Maine. (Loud applause.) 

The President: I was interested in what Judge Cornish 
said about that "Particular Baptist" church. I have known 
a good many Baptists in recent years who were not partic- 



52 Inauguration 

ular enough. Out in Illinois, where I have been living for 
seven years and more, we have a kind of Baptists that I 
have never heard of here in New England. They are 
called "Forty-gallon Baptists." I don't know whether that 
term, "Forty-gallon Baptists," is an evidence of their 
spiritual capacity, or their capacity for spirits. (Laughter.) 
The next victim — shall I say victim? They seem to be 
very happy victims thus far — ^the next speaker upon our 
programme will be Mrs. Ella M. Chase of the Class of 1900. 

ADDRESS OF MRS. ELLA M. CHASE, CLASS OF 1900 

Mr. President, Honored Guests and Friends: 

I am very glad to speak for the Class of 1900, and also 
for the women graduates of Bates College. You will notice 
that I avoid the confusion of tongues occasioned by the 
English and Roman pronunciation of "alumni" and 
"alumnae," when I say women graduates, or, in other words. 
Bates girls — because you know we all claim to be girls. 

I wish I might be able to voice for the women of Bates 
College their loyalty to our President Gray and to the ideals 
which they cherish in their hearts for the College which 
is dear to them. But it would be impossible for me to do 
that. There never has been, since the days when Mary 
Mitchell made her hard but winning fight for the Bates 
girl, a time when those later ones of us have ever 
known anything but the most cordial feeling between our- 
selves and our brothers. So that we cannot appreciate the 
sentiments of the man I heard of once who, when he was 
graduated from college, became a teacher. When he came 
back to his twentieth reunion his classmates had lost track 
of him and they did not know just what he was doing, so 
they asked him for his history. He said, "You know I 
started out to be a teacher, and I taught for a number of 
years, and then a woman was chosen to succeed me, and I 
thought I would go into some profession where I could be 
more protected against the new woman, so I became a clerk 
in a dry goods store. I worked there for a few years, and 
there was a young lady who was my assistant, and my 



Bates College 53 

employers hired her for a bit less wages than they paid me, 
and she took my position. Well, I thought about what I 
should do, and so I decided that I would go to a business 
college, and I went there and studied and became an expert 
stenographer, and I held a position of that kind for a few 
years. In the end the same thing happened again. I 
seemed to be dogged by women who came along to take my 
positions. Finally I entered upon my present profession, 
and," he said, "I think I have at last found a job that no 
woman will care to take from me." "What is that?" he 
was asked. He said, "I am painting the steeples of 
churches!" (Laughter and applause.) 

We never have had that kind of rivalry at Bates since 
the early days. The Bates girl is no very idealistic crea- 
ture; she is just like a sister to her brother, and the men 
who marry us — because they do it occasionally — do not 
marry us because they think we have impossible perfec- 
tions, but they like us in spite of our perfections (Laughter) 
— in spite of our faults — and we return the compliment 
(Laughter and applause), because you know we don't like 
people because of their virtues, we like them because they 
are themselves. The Bates woman is just that sisterly 
companion whom we still love to have in our homes. We 
have the old home-loving hearts, but since our homes have 
been extended so that they no longer are confined within 
four walls but take in the world, we are trying to be good 
sisters and good mothers to the world as well as to those 
within our own four walls. And I think that wholesome 
relationship between brother and sister, a constant standing 
shoulder to shoulder, a love of the same ideals, a desire for 
equality in service with no feeling that "I am superior," 
represents the spirit of the Bates woman in the world today. 

As Dr. Gray told that impressive story to the Senior 
Class this morning of that ferry boat, the "Royal Iris," 
which he saw at Liverpool doing the home work, the hum-- 
drum task, it occurred to me that it was a parable of the 
Bates woman. To us has come no one glorious moment to 
push those boats into the mole at Zeebrugge, but we have 
a task which requires some heroism, just because we are 



54 Inauguration 

not called upon for the one supreme and glorious deed, but 
we have always just the daily routine of carrying passengers 
back and forth. And it is our task to have our whistle sound- 
ing good and clear, it is our task to see that the decks are 
fresh and clean and inviting, that the crew on board have 
something to sustain not only their bodies but their souls, 
because crews do have souls, and we must provide inviting 
food for the soul as well as for the body. That is our daily 
humdrum task, without at the end, perhaps, any spectacu- 
lar crisis in our lives. And we just want to say to-day 
that we want to keep our decks a little cleaner, and have 
a bit more wholesome, home-loving atmosphere on deck, so 
that the soul and body may grow together into that perfect 
ideal of the Bates man and the Bates woman. And so 
to-day as we think of our wonderful heritage, and of that 
task which has come to all of us, sons and daughters of 
Bates alike, and as we think of the glorious future that 
stretches just ahead of us, we rejoice that we are permitted 
to be the daughters of Bates College, this mother that had 
the vision and courage to stand for democracy, a democracy 
not marred by any limitations of race or sex, and that we 
ourselves may help to carry out these ideals, and help to 
make Dr. Gray's dream come true. And I am sure that I 
can pledge for all the women of Bates present and those to 
come that we will strive more earnestly for a wholesome, 
serviceful life — and try "to see life steadily and see it 
whole." (Applause.) 

The President : I have never believed in the equality of 
women and men, because I have always wanted to look up 
to the other sex. (Applause.) I have the suspicion that 
we have been eating too much. You ought to have 
responded more quickly to that. All your natural chivalry 
ought to have made your response to that instantaneous. 

The next speaker upon our programme is one who has 
long been identified with this institution, who has given to 
it prestige and who has spread abroad in many places the 
splendid record of the achievements of this college. We 
are glad to have him come back here to Lewiston to-day, 
and to receive — what I forgot to say on the commencement 



Bates College 55 

platform — the degree of doctor of laws. It gives me great 
pleasure to present Doctor Anthony. 

ADDRESS OF DR. ALFRED WILLIAMS ANTHONY 

Mr. President, and all my good friends: 

It is a great pleasure to me to be here upon this occa- 
sion, and I have several excellent speeches that I might 
make. (Laughter.) 

I would like to refer to some of the by-products of 
Bates College that have come to my attention recently, and 
I hope that, by referring to them, I shall succeed in obtain- 
ing a very cordial welcome to some other dinner tables, 
the presence of which I have not yet graced. (Laughter.) 

Yesterday I had the pleasure of sitting at a table at 
which three families — the heads of the families with sons 
and daughters — were represented, and those three families, 
with two members who were absent and not at the table, 
had managed among themselves, as one of the by-products 
of co-education, to yoke up six young people in three couples, 
and I was permitted to examine one of the diamond rings ! 
(Laughter.) 

Now, I could turn in several directions, I could make 
light of that suggestion, I could be sportive about it. I 
would far rather be sensible. I am of the opinion that when 
young people together learn life's problems and acquire out 
of knowledge some of life's wisdom, they then are in the 
very best condition for establishing those alliances and 
friendships which are life-long. Now, why don't you 
applaud that, if you believe in it? (Laughter and ap- 
plause.) Perhaps you don't. Whether you do or not, I 
do. (Applause.) 

A Voice: "We do." 

I sat this morning at another table, and I heard this 
incident reported : Not long ago two young men of this insti- 
tution were under consideration by the faculty, and it was 
deemed wise to suspend them; indeed, to do more, to tell 
them not to return. And your predecessor, Dr. Gray, 
pleaded for another chance for them. Let me pause here 



56 Inauguration 

to say that not long ago, while reading President Eliot's 
book on "College Administration," I was struck by his dec- 
laration in speaking of the fracases and disturbances of 
college life. He made this declaration out of his long expe- 
rience with thousands of young men. He said that, unless 
the physical health, the physical basis of manhood has 
been irrecoverably destroyed, there is hope for a young 
man, however serious may have been his lapses in scholar- 
ship or in morals. Now, I return to the incident of the 
morning. I learned that those two young men, whom I 
have mentioned, were given another chance ; and that their 
record now is a record of excellence, so that instead of 
being called before the faculty they are approved by the 
faculty for their fine achievements. (Applause.) 

Mr. President, more than honors conferred upon per- 
sons like those who sit at these tables, more than the public 
announcements which attract the attention of newspaper 
readers, more than the athletic contests and achievements 
of that character, such an incident justifies the existence 
of this or any other institution. To recover a young man, 
or young woman, who has lost ideals, is worth founding 
institutions for. (Applause.) That I call a by-product. 

Mr. President, the most precious gift that can ever be 
entrusted to this college, worth more than fifty thousand 
dollars for a library, or a hundred thousand or two hun- 
dred thousand for a gymnasium, or two million dollars for 
permanent endowment, is the gift of a father and mother 
who trust son or daughter to come here for an education. 
(Great applause.) 

I have been in the position not alone of a teacher, hav- 
ing previously been a student — and am still a student — ^but 
in the position of a father who has seen son and daughter 
go out from the home roof and step in where, when their 
career first began, father and mother were inclined to say 
as the child entered the public school, "It is like dipping 
our most precious possession in an ink bottle." Well, we 
did not know the possibilities of the democratically consti- 
tuted public school. The public school is not so bad as 
that. That statement, however, expressed the apprehen- 



Bates College 57 

sion of our youthful parentage. But when the early school 
days of the child are turned into college days, then the col- 
lege receives from that home the most costly gift that can 
be made ; given for a season, to be returned, not alone with 
a diploma, but also with those fine ideals of fellowship and 
obligation which must lie at the foundation of democracy. 

I have in mind, Mr. President, that this democratic 
spirit which Bates College so finely exemplifies is a choice 
thing that ought to spread abroad, to flow yet more freely 
through this great American nation, to touch more lives 
and hearts than it has yet touched and bring into good-will 
and co-operative accord the various elements of our people 
who are not yet of one mind and one thought sufficiently to 
seek the same kind of government and the same kind of 
safety and protection and liberty which belong to us all. 

I happen to be where I face some of the great problems 
of our nation, problems of race adjustment and assimilation. 
They are brought to my attention constantly. Just now, 
here at table with Major Sampson and Mrs. Deland, we were 
speaking of our Jewish brethren, she telling a very inter- 
esting incident, and then we were matching with hers other 
experiences out of our own lives. Let me just tell you this. 
Not long ago I sat in a train with a Jew. I sought his 
companionship — scraped his acquaintance. I knew him 
as a neighbor of mine, knew that he was ostracised by 
people like me, and I sat with him in the train coming from 
my home to New York City, and talked with him. He said, 
"Do you know that we Jewish citizens of this country are 
as truly devoted to American principles as any one? Look 
at our record in the war; look at our contributions to the 
Liberty Loan, and to the other war purposes. But then," 
he said, "right here is the great trouble: We never can 
know you people who call yourselves the real Americans." 
I said, "What do you mean?" "Why," he said, "when my 
children go to school or college, so-called Christian children 
won't play with them and term them 'Sheenies.' When I 
wish to travel, so-called Christian people will avoid my com- 
panionship, if they can. When I go to a hotel and want 
accommodation, I am told 'All full,' and a so-called Chris- 



58 Inauguration 

tian steps up behind me, and the clerk rings the bell — 'Front, 
show this gentleman to 742.' When I go into a neighbor- 
hood to rent a tenement, I cannot get it unless I pay pro- 
hibitive prices. If I buy property, property values then 
depreciate because I am a Jevs^." It is true. He said, "We 
cannot know you American people." Then I talked with 
one of my best neighbors, a man of large affairs, and told 
him of this incident. "Yes," he said, "but don't you know 
how the shoe pinches on the other foot? You let one into 
your club, and they are all in. Twenty are in, and where 
is your club?" He said, "If you let them come to your 
hotel, they will crowd it with selfishness and display; they 
will line up their women folks in showy attire and ostenta- 
tious conduct and conversation, and you will find them in 
the best chairs against the front rail of the piazza; and 
then where are the rest of your guests?" And he went on 
in that way. You and I might duplicate those things. 

But when you have said all that you have not reached 
the conclusion. Friends, we are thinking of convening, 
some time between Thanksgiving and Christmas, a confer- 
ence of outstanding Jewish citizens (and their names have 
already been selected from different sections of the coun- 
try), together with outstanding representatives of the 
Gentile and Christian side of this particular partizanship 
and prejudice, and have them face this situation between 
us and our Hebrew fellow-citizens, so that, seeing the facts, 
we may endeavor to discover some kind of mutual under- 
standing and, if possible, some remedy. 

Now, there are seated here some of my brethren who 
have a color of skin that I have not. And I face that prob- 
lem, too; it is a burning problem to-day. We need the 
spirit of democracy which sees a man as a man, for what 
he is in his character, and not his race or his color or his out- 
ward circumstances or condition (Applause), seeing a man 
as a man (Applause) , and then promoting the mutual rela- 
tions which follow the blending of ideals and the co-opera- 
tive action which are fitted for the ends for which our coun- 
try stands. We have not yet secured that liberty which we 
long have talked of and for which we have yearned, and we 



Bates College 59 

cannot until we have given to every man a free opportunity 
to prove his vi^orth, and have accorded our fellowship to 
others who are seeking the same good ends. (Applause.) 

Mr. President, I think the most precious by-product of 
Bates College is that spirit which I have found, and which 
you will find, resides as a rule in the minds of the Bates Col- 
lege graduates — that spirit of co-operation and fellowship 
which takes all men at their worth. (Applause.) 

The President : The next speaker on our programme in 
one respect bears a very strong resemblance to the toast- 
master! He is a member of the class of '90. Neither of 
us could take part in the pageant representing "Father 
Time," because you couldn't take either of us by the fore- 
lock ! (Laughter and applause.) Allow me to present Hon. 
W. F. Garcelon, of Boston. 



ADDRESS OF WILLIAM F. GARCELON, CLASS OF '90 

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

When told by the President this morning that I must say 
a word upon this occasion I answered that I was not pre- 
pared to speak extemporaneously, and he reminded me of 
my pledge of co-operation. Upon finding that I was the 
envy of all my classmates, who desired to testify to their 
approval of the President and to give a greeting to the 
next Vice-President, I consented to speak. 

We are glad to give the Chief Executive of Massachu- 
setts, of whom I am a subject, a little more practice in 
inaugurations (Applause). Here to-day we are to assist 
in the inauguration of the President of Bates College. 

Now when we were in college — and since that time — the 
best behaved classes have been the classes of '91, '92 and 
'93, because of the splendid supervision which the class of 
*90 gave to them. (Laughter.) The President has sug- 
gested that all of us of the period before 1900 — I noticed it 
with care — might stay out until after ten o'clock tonight! 
He may expect our classes to land at the reception at about 
one A.M. (Laughter.) 



60 Inauguration 

The President this morning said something about ath- 
letics, that he was not going to subordinate the athletic to 
the mental discipline. We all approve of it; but, Mr. Pres- 
ident, don't you let next year's baseball team lose the cham- 
pionship which this year's team won. (Laughter and ap- 
plause.) Let us not have any thin-blooded, anaemic men 
playing football for Bates next fall ! 

It has been stated here to-day that Bates is famous for 
her teachers. One of the greatest needs of this country to- 
day is more able clergymen and more good educators. 
Bates College has been singularly fortunate in her career 
in developing men of caliber in these two professions. That 
is a field in which no college is superior to Bates. Let us 
keep it up! (Applause.) 

One other word. Many of the boys and girls who come 
to Bates College come from small country schools where 
over-worked, educated men and women instruct them as 
best they may and prepare them as well as they can to enter 
the institution. Some of the graduates of Bates and other 
Maine colleges have come from preparatory schools that 
were not well equipped to prepare them for college; they 
come with inadequate preparation. These men, with their 
sterling strength and vigor and their enthusiasm and en- 
ergy, have worked four years in college and have had a suc- 
cessful college career, and they have gone out into the 
world and have used their force and power for good. (Ap- 
plause.) Let us not set our requirements too high accord- 
ing to the so-called educational standards; let us not set 
them so high that these young men and young women who 
come from the country and who have not had a chance for 
splendid preparation such as expensive private schools may 
give, cannot come. Let them in. Try them out a year and 
if, at the end of a year they make good, send them forth 
into the world to be a power for good among men and 
women. (Applause.) 

Only one other word. We need money. May we al- 
ways be poor ! May we never reach the day beyond which 
we must not strive! Let the poor boy come here and see 
the whole College struggling and fighting and developing 



Bates College 61 

strength. Strength is developed by striving. May Bates 
College always be poor ! Let her graduates always feel that 
they should help their Alma Mater to the extent of their 
ability. The more they help the more they will love Bates. 
(Applause.) 

The President: The next speaker upon our programme 
is the most distinguished Alumnus of this College. I have 
the honor to present His Excellency, Governor Carl E. 
Milliken. 

ADDRESS OF GOVERNOR MILLIKEN 

Mr. President, Your Excellency and Fellow-graduates of 

Bates College: 

It seems natural to yield to the very pleasant sense of 
being just back at home among the home folks. And it 
seems entirely out of place and a disregard of the situation 
to undertake to make any speech at all. Permit me to say, 
speaking for you and for all of us, how very much delighted 
we have been in the confirmation of our judgment — which 
needed no confirmation — of the new leader who has come 
to us, in his magnificent and statesman-like utterances in 
the chapel to-day. (Applause.) 

I wonder if we realize what a serious crisis the college 
has safely passed through? Up to now the leadership has 
been in the ranks of those devoted men who, from the be- 
ginning, have been identified with the history of this insti- 
tution; and when it became necessary to secure another 
leader we faced a situation which everybody realized was 
serious indeed. It was too much to hope — none of us at the 
beginning I feel sure dared to hope — that it might be our 
good fortune to secure a man who would not only splen- 
didly represent the ideals of the college and a full guar- 
anty for the continuance of those ideals, but who would also 
command the sincere approval at the outset of everybody 
concerned. 

I am not going to enlarge upon this situation, but we 
ought to congratulate ourselves today and thank the good 
God who I believe led us in the choice, that we have one 



62 Inauguration 

whom we not only admire, but a man who has taken up 
this great task with the unanimous approval of everybody 
concerned. (Applause.) This is not, Mr. President, an 
expression of mere loyalty induced by a feeling of duty ; it 
is the expression of a very sincere conviction upon the part 
of every one who has had anything to do with this matter 
and who has had the privilege of meeting you. And I say 
to you, and I know I echo the sentiments of the friends of 
Bates and those who have the best interests of the college at 
heart, that we ought to be profoundly grateful that its new 
administration opens under such happy auspices. 

Now a word for the State upon this occasion. We are 
looking towards the history of Maine in this our centennial 
year. And we are learning to appreciate better the history 
not only of this hundred years, but also that of the glorious 
two hundred years before that time, and the heroic period 
way back of the Revolution, when these hardy pioneers 
wrested their little clearings from the forests and held this 
ground as the bulwark of liberty against the rigors of cli- 
mate, the assaults of the Indian and the perils of that time. 
We look back to that history with pride, but we are study- 
ing it, I hope, as history ought always to be studied, not 
merely for the sake of congratulating ourselves on the past, 
but also for the sake of finding in the past, if possible, the 
guaranty and assurance and guide for the future. And, if 
we have read the history of our State rightly, in this cen- 
tennial year we have realized that there have been devel- 
oped, through these glorious years, the resources which 
came to the defense of the world in the period of its peril 
just lately passed through. In that emergency of war it 
was not the munitions, not the money, not even the men as 
the physical components of an army, but more than any- 
thing else it was the spirit of America which turned the 
tide on the western front and to which the world looked 
and did not look in vain. And it is that spirit, bred here 
under these rugged conditions of our coast with the tang of 
the sea in it, the whispering of the pines — it is that spirit 
to which we must look in the future if the perils that have 
been referred to are to be avoided and America is to be 



Bates College 63 

saved ; the American spirit, the spirit of self-reliance, inde- 
pendent action and thinking, a spirit that honors and prac- 
tices honest toil, a spirit that practices thrift and true econ- 
omy, a spirit that reverences and obeys the law, and that 
spirit developed in the past as it must be in the future by 
intelligence and religion in the hearts of its citizenship. 

The State looks to us to-day, as representing this insti- 
tution, with more than casual interest that such a pro- 
gramme, a programme of this sort, may be regarded; the 
State looks to us in the beginning of this new era in the 
history of the institution with intelligence as one of the fac- 
tors that will be relied upon to develop this American spirit 
in the future. We stand or fall in America according as 
that spirit lives or dies. 

The people of foreign lands have been spoken of — those 
who come from other lands. We have no prejudice against 
them because they come from across the sea. Our own an- 
cestry came from over there, if we trace it back far enough. 
The question is whether these people come with the spirit of 
America, or that which may be made the spirit of America, 
in their hearts. That is what we want to know ; and if they 
have that spirit, it should be developed by the influences of 
our institutions. If they don't develop it and cannot de- 
velop it, they should be sent back whence they came. (Ap- 
plause.) 

We are realizing that every factor in our life which de- 
velops the real American spirit is the resource upon which 
we must count in solving the problems of the future, just as 
we counted upon the great military resources to save us 
from the dangers of military despotism. 

We honor to-day the great Chief Executive of our 
mother state. We honor him in his own personality, de- 
lightful and companionable. We honor him especially be- 
cause he represents in the eye and the thought of the Amer- 
ican people to-day that true American spirit. (Applause.) 
We are glad to have him with us because of the inspiration 
that fact brings. We have a great heritage as a state, and 
this college has been no small part of that heritage; and 
it brings with it the responsibility to other Bates men and 



64 Inauguration 

women, wherever found, in whatever relations of life, to see 
to it that, just as we were loyal to America in the time of 
trial through which we have passed, just as our resources 
were placed freely at the command of the government to 
meet that emergency, to see in the daily task — especially in 
the school room, those of you who follow your vocation 
there — that we do what God will give us grace and strength 
to do to bring out in those who are given to our care the 
real spirit of Americanism, and to bring that spirit home 
to the foreigners who come within our gates. It is as an 
agency to that end that this college, and every college, is 
looked to with confidence by the government, by the state 
and by the nation in this crisis of the next few years. 

I thank you very much for this opportunity to address 
you. (Applause.) 

The President: The Governor has been saying a great 
many gracious things about me, and a great many other 
people have said similar things. I am perfectly aware that 
I am facing an inevitable process of deflation — especially 
when I get to tackling the problems of the undergraduates. 
(Laughter.) In regard to these very kindly and possibly 
very indulgent things that have been said about me I don't 
know but I am in the position of the young woman who 
had never married, but whose name had been connected 
in the rumors of the town with a good many eligible young 
men, in the course of a considerable period of years, and 
upon the occasion of the latest rumor of this sort getting 
about, one of her gentleman friends came to her for the 
purpose of offering his congratulations. He said, "I con- 
gratulate you with all my heart," and she replied, "There 
is not a word of truth in the story, but thank God for the 
rumor!" (Laughter and applause.) Well, I am thankful 
for these rumors that are going about concerning the new 
President of Bates College. 

Last summer I made my first extended visit to the State 
of Vermont. I wanted to visit my father's birthplace and 
find the old farm where he was born. The house was gone. 
I didn't know where the place was. I went to the town 
















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Bates College 65 

clerk and said, "Will you tell me where the James Gray 
estate is located?" He replied, "The Jimmy Gray place is 
up on the hill." It gives me very great pleasure to intro- 
duce another Vermonter who in all probability is to be the 
next Vice-President of the United States, His Excellency, 
Governor Coolidge of Massachusetts. 

Governor Coolidge was given a most cordial reception. 
When the applause had subsided he spoke as follows : 



GOVERNOR COOLIDGE'S ADDRESS 

Mr. President, Your Excellency, Your Honor — Yes, and 

Fellow Alumni of Bates College: 

I desire to thank you first for your very gracious salu- 
tations, and I also wish to express to you, Mr. President, 
and to your Board of Trustees, my deep appreciation of the 
fact that you have received me into your fellowship of let- 
ters, and granted to me the inestimable privilege of joining 
with you in the search for and in the study of the truth. 

The State of Maine has been especially cordial to me 
in the invitations which it has extended, through its educa- 
tional institutions, to be present at their commencements. 
I sincerely wish that it might have been possible for me 
to respond to them all; but that, of course, was not pos- 
sible. One of the reasons that I have desired to respond is 
because the Commonwealth of Massachusetts was for- 
merly a part of the State of Maine. (Laughter and ap- 
plause.) But as I look around me here I am sure that there 
is present a representative body of the educational institu- 
tions of this grand old state. 

I was especially pleased to come to Bates College upon 
this occasion because it is, and, if the programme outlined 
by its incoming President shall be carried out, is to remain 
a college of broad and liberal culture, a foundation upon 
which all other activities of human life may be based with 
the assurance that they may there abide. 

This is an age of specialists, I know, and we need spe- 
cialists ; but we must remember that the person who knows 



66 Inauguration 

but one thing very likely does not know that (laughter), 
because we have progressed far enough in culture to under- 
stand that we can know the particular only as we compre- 
hend the general, and that we shall appreciate the meaning 
of the example only as we know the principle that it exem- 
plifies. So I am glad that you are to keep here a college of 
broad and liberal culture in order that you may study the 
great problems of life and attempt their solution. They 
are difficult, many of them ; but to comprehend one of them 
in its entirety is, very often, to go a long way towards its 
solution. 

The history of the human race has been a struggle for 
existence. It has been necessary for men to acquire wealth 
or to face destruction, and it is no accident that that ques- 
tion is one that presents itself to us in new and diiferent 
and varied forms, but always pressing for solution, for 
acquisition is one of the primal instincts of men, and they 
tell us that the "pocket nerve" is one of the most sensitive 
nerves in the whole human anatomy. We are continually 
studying economic relationship, and trying to adjust pro- 
duction and distribution in order to work out a fairer jus- 
tice between man and man. That question is not yet solved, 
but there are some of the general factors that underlie it 
which are understood and which we need to keep in mind 
at the present time. We need especially to keep it in mind 
because there are always false doctrines coming to us, false 
prophets and those who are preaching an easy and quick 
way as a solution of all our difficulties. There is not any 
easy and quick way to solve our economic problems any 
more than there is, as your President has pointed out, to 
solve the educational problems of the age. 

Our present state ought not to be unexpected to those 
who have made any study of history and remember any- 
thing of what has been the economic relationship that has 
followed any of the wars that America has experienced. 
Fundamentally, it is a question of bringing together him 
who has something to sell, and him who has a desire to buy. 
A like trouble followed the Revolutionary War, and in 
Massachusetts we had Shay's Rebellion, which was an at- 



Bates College 67 

tempt to close the courts and the administration of justice 
in order that writs of eviction might not be issued and judg- 
ment entered against debtors. We had something of the 
same thing at the end of the war between the states, and 
it was an economic disturbance that pursued us for years. 
Sometimes the answer was sought in greenbacks, sometimes 
in free silver, but in both those instances, after the Revolu- 
tion and after the Civil War, the difficulty was that he who 
had something to sell could find no purchaser. The diffi- 
culty now is that he who has the wherewithal to buy finds 
it very diflficult to find a seller. But, fundamentally, the 
difficulty was the same in both instances of attempting to 
bring together the buyer and the seller. 

We need at the present time, as every one realizes, a 
greater supply of material resources, a greater supply of 
food, a greater supply of clothing and a greater supply of 
shelter, and the question that is confronting us is, how 
shall these be secured, how are they to be provided, in order 
that we may administer properly to the public welfare? 
Perhaps we shall make some progress if we inquire first 
what caused the shortage ? The war is always a convenient 
alibi, but it won't do to lay everything to the war. Of 
course we understand that it has stopped immigration, and 
that it withdrew men and women from our industries and 
from agriculture, that it made a great redistribution of 
wealth, that it gave people money and resources who had 
not been in the enjoyment of such resources before. I mean 
by that, that it created a demand greater than the nation 
had ever experienced. That meant a considerable extrav- 
agance and a considerable difficulty in meeting the demand. 
We borrowed a great deal of money in order to pay the ex- 
penses of the war. That money must be repaid, it must be 
repaid by the public and out of the production that the 
public has, and if a part of that production must go into the 
public treasury, it is a very easy example to solve to under- 
stand that there will not be so much left for the individuals 
who make up the public, to give them the materials that 
they need for their comfort and for their support. 



68 Inauguration 

Now, what is the remedy? It is very easy to say that we 
need to increase production. It is much more easy to say 
this than it is to secure a remedy of that kind. An increase 
in production means the gathering together and the invest- 
ment of large amounts of capital, and that means that each 
and every individual on the part of the public must practice 
the old-fashioned virtue of thrift and economy. That is the 
foundation on which to begin. We need also a general and 
a better understanding that the investment of capital in 
production gives much more to the public than it does to 
the owner of the capital. It is much more for the benefit 
of those who buy any of our manufactured articles, or who 
receive any of the benefits of our transportation or other 
commercial enterprises than it is for those who happen to 
own those enterprises when we engage in business with 
them. It is much more to the advantage of the public that 
the factory should weave for us a yard of cloth than it is 
that we should undertake to weave it for ourselves, or sup- 
ply us with transportation than that we should undertake 
to supply ourselves with it. That means that the collection 
and investment of capital is for the public benefit much more 
than it is for the benefit of the owner of the capital, and 
the return is less to the owner than it is to the public. So 
that it is necessary that we should encourage, by every 
means possible, the collection, the investment of capital in 
our industries in order that we may stimulate production. 

I think I have said enough so that it is apparent that 
we cannot face our present conditions with any assurance or 
any thought that they can be solved by any magic remedy. 
It is the duty of the American people at the present time 
to work out their salvation, to put a greater effort into the 
daily affairs of life and to cease to expect that they might 
by any means be able to return to those easy and comfort- 
able conditions in the near future that they were experi- 
encing before the war began. And if the public can under- 
stand that — and I know it can — we have gone a large part 
of the way towards solving some of the problems that we 
have confronting us at the present time. 



Bates College 69 

It is always suggested, when we begin to talk about our 
economic conditions, that there ought to be some way to 
make those with large resources pay all the taxes, and I 
wish that problem was as easy of solution as that, but, 
unfortunately, it is not, because in the end the taxes have 
to be paid by the public. All the large incomes are from 
the public, and when we undertake to say they are for tax- 
ation purposes, the result is that they are increased and the 
public has to pay. As I have said, we cannot expect to be 
placed in the condition in which we were before the war. 
Certainly we cannot expect to accomplish that condition by 
increasing wages all around. I am not saying that wages 
ought not to be increased. They ought many times to be 
increased, and there are those upon whom the present con- 
ditions bear in an especially unfair and unjust manner. 
But, after all, an increase in compensation does not produce 
for us any of the materials that we want; it does not give 
us an additional yard of cloth or a new pair of shoes or 
another pound of sugar. That is a question always of pro- 
duction, so that we must look to production if we are to 
have any solution of our present difficulties. 

There are times when it is necessary to fix prices, times 
of distress and times of public exigency that require that it 
shall be done, but, speaking generally, it is a dangerous oper- 
ation and one that we should pursue only in case of great 
necessity. I am perfectly well aware that there has been 
profiteering. There will be profiteering, but I am also per- 
fectly well aware that the only remedy for it is to increase 
the supply. There is no profiteering in government bonds 
at the present time, and the reason for it is that the supply 
is plentiful. (Laughter.) If we can provide a supply of 
materials that is plentiful, profiteering will cease, and there 
is no other way that profiteering can be met and ended. We 
must face this issue, I say, and face it loyally, bravely and 
well, as Americans face all their issues, and if we do that I 
am sure that we can solve our problems and solve them as 
they ought to be solved. We must deal justly with the 
wage-earner. It is just as much an injury to the public to 
have the employer of labor, who deals so unjustly with his 



70 Inauguration 

employees that the result is a strike and the cessation of 
production, as it is if the problem is approached from the 
other end, and we have a like result. We must remember, 
too, that we need to use all the resources of the nation, the 
power to work, the brains of the nation and the capital of 
the nation. They must all co-operate one with the other, 
and so co-operating I know they can work out the destiny 
of America. It is a long, slow process, but America has 
never faced any crisis without the assurance that it had the 
power of solving it. We must all realize the duty that rests 
upon us to work, and we must all work for the public wel- 
fare and the public benefit. 

There is abroad a disposition to limit production.. I 
think I have said enough to indicate that I do not favor^that 
kind of proposition. And the fundamental reason is" that 
this world of ours is so made that it is riot profitable for a 
man to be anything but his best. The best that is in us is 
required of us at all times, and the giving of it will never 
work to the injury of the public or any of its individuals. 
(Applause.) We have accomplished a great deal; we are 
provided with great resources and out of them we shall- be 
able to maintain ourselves. But the destiny of America de- 
pends, not upon its resources, and not upon its powers. It 
depends upon the disposition of the American citizen, and 
disposition after all depends upon the knowledge that we 
have; so that we are looking to our great institutions of 
learning, like yours here, to give to the youth and to the 
public the fundamental ideas that will make a disposition 
that is correct and one that desires to do the best that it 
can. And may your college, Mr. President and members 
of the Alumni, continue in this great work, bearing ever 
aloft the torch of progress, bearing ever aloft the beacon 
light of true progress to America and, through America, for 
the rest of humanity. (Great applause.) 

The President : Will the audience please sit still — remain 
right where you are for a moment? 

(To Governor Coolidge) Your Excellency, on behalf of 
this entire company I should like to express our very deep 



Bates College 71 

appreciation for these words of timely counsel which you, 
as the youngest alumnus, have brought to us. (Applause.) 

We have now come to the end of the trail, so far as this 
meeting is concerned. This has been a record-breaking 
meeting in the fact that, either from the great interest in 
the speakers or from other unusual circumstances, the usual 
departures have not been made. The audience has stayed 
to the end. Let us go forward now with high hope for the 
future. Shall we not now all rise and sing together the dox- 
ology, "Praise God From Whom All Blessings Flow?" 

The meeting then closed by the singing of the doxology. 



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